5 First Steps for Finding Your Roots

5 First Steps for Finding Your Roots Youve decided to dig into your family history but arent sure where to begin? These five basic steps will get you started on the fascinating journey into your past. 1. Begin With Names First names, middle names, last names, nicknames...names often provide an important window into the past. Names in your family tree can be found by looking at old certificates and documents, by asking your relatives, and by looking at family photos and newspaper clippings (wedding announcements, obituaries, etc.). Search especially for maiden names for any female ancestors as they may help identify the parents, taking you back a generation in the family tree. Naming patterns used in the family may also hold a clue to previous generations. Family surnames were often adopted as given names, as were middle names which sometimes indicate the maiden name of a mother or grandmother. Watch also for nicknames, as they may also help you identify your ancestors. Expect to encounter plenty of spelling variations as name spellings and pronounciations generally evolve over time, and the surname your family uses now may not be the same as the one they began with. Names are also often just written down wrong, by people who spelled phonetically, or by individuals trying to transcribe messy handwriting for an index. 2. Compile Vital Statistics As you search for the names in your family tree, you should also gather the vital statistics that go with them. Most importantly you should look for dates and places of births, marriages, and deaths. Again, turn to the papers and photos in your home for clues, and ask your relatives for any details they can provide. If you run across conflicting accounts - two different birth dates for great Aunt Emma, for example - just record them both until more information comes along which helps point to one or the other. 3. Collect Family Stories As you quiz your relatives about names and dates, take time to elicit and write down their stories as well. The history in your family history begins with these memories, helping you to really get to know the people your ancestors were. Among these stories, you may learn of special family traditions or famous family legends that have been passed down from generation to generation. While they will likely contain some creative remembrances and embellishments, family stories generally have some basis in fact, providing clues for further research. 4. Select a Focus After gathering names, dates, and stories about your family, the next step is to choose a specific ancestor, couple, or family line on which to focus your search. You could choose to learn more about your dads parents, an ancestor you were named after, or all descendants of your maternal grandparents. The key here isnt what or who you choose to study, just that it is a small enough project to be manageable. This is especially important if youre just starting out on your family tree quest. People who try to do it all at once tend to get bogged down in details, often overlooking important clues to their past. 5. Chart Your Progress Genealogy is basically one big puzzle. If you dont put the pieces together in just the right way, then youll never get to see the final picture. To make sure your puzzle pieces end up in the proper positions  pedigree charts and family group sheets  can help you record your research data and keep track of your progress. Genealogy software programs are another good option for recording your information and will allow you to print out the data in a nice variety of chart formats. Blank genealogy charts can also be downloaded and printed for free from many different websites. Dont forget to take a little time out to record what youve looked at and what you found (or didnt find)!

64 Great Colleges That Dont Require Essays to Apply

64 Great Colleges That Don't Require Essays to Apply SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If the thought of writing a college essay fills you with terror, you might be wondering: are there any colleges that don’t require essays? The answer is yes, there are! This guide will give youan overview of colleges that don’t require admissions essays, how to find these schools, and whether you should apply to one or not. We’ll wrap up with a list of 64 colleges with no essay requirementthat you can apply to. Why Do Some Colleges Not Require an Essay? In general, college essays help schools get a sense of you as a person- beyond your academic record, GPA, and test scores. They give you a chance to clearly articulate your goals and also give admissions officers a better idea of how you’ll fit within the school's community. Finally, essays are helpful because they provide schools with concrete evidence of your writing ability. However, there are many colleges that don’t require essays for admissions. What are some reasons why? Let's take a look at the three biggest ones: #1: Limited Resources It takes a lot of admissions officers' time and energy to read and evaluate college essays. At smaller schools with fewer resources, and even at larger schools that enroll tens of thousands of students, the resource costs associated with reading each essay for every single student might outweigh the benefits of getting additional informationon applicants beyond GPAs, test scores, and transcripts. Schools sometimes balance these concerns by requiring essays only for the most competitive programs (usually things such as engineering and nursing) or for scholarships, for which the additional information might be more instrumental in making decisions. They need to use those limited resources for coffee. #2: Specific Admissions Cutoffs/Criteria Many colleges, particularly public schools, admit students based on a type of selection index, which tabulates some combination of GPA, test scores, and/or class rank. If students meet the minimum index score cutoff, they will be admitted. In this case, the school might simply feel that additional information from an essay isn't necessary for making a decisionregarding whether a student will be successful or not. Selection indices are also often different for in-state and out-of-state students, with the latter being subject to more stringent academic criteria. In addition, the selection index is sometimes used for scholarships, with students with higher index scores being awarded more money. Schools with selection indices do often require or recommend college essays for borderline candidates so that students can provide additional information on why they'd be a good fit at the school in spite of not meeting the stated academic criteria. #3: Make Admissions Process Easy and Appealing Some colleges hope that by making the admissions process easy and requiring only a transcript, test scores, and basic demographic information, they'll attract a wider variety of applicants. By presenting their application process as a simple alternative to more intensive processes that require letters of recommendation, essays, and so on, they can attract students who are on the fence about applying to college at all. They could even potentially motivate highly qualified applicants to use them as one of their safety or match schoolsbecause the students won’t need to write additional essays or do extra work to apply. Some applications seem like you just have to click to apply! How to Find Colleges That Don't Require Essays According todata compiled by the US Department of Education, there are 4,583 degree-granting postsecondary educational institutions in the US as of 2016. This figure includes both two-year institutions (about 1,600) and four-year institutions (about 3,000). The truth, though, is that a huge number of these schools don’t require essays for admission. If you want to know whether a particular school requires an essay for admission, Google "[School Name] freshman admission requirements" or "[School Name] admissions essay." This should pull up pages from the school's official website, with links to guidelines on admission essays. If, however, you’re looking more generally for schools that don’t require essays, you can check out our comprehensive list of 64 schools below or try one of the following starting places: Public Universities in Your State A huge number of public universities don’t require essays for admissions. Even if the major public schools in your state (such as the University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign or UCLA) require essays for admission, you might find that the smaller campuses andsmaller or more specialized state schools (such as Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago State University, etc.) might not require essays. So be sure to check those out! You can actually get a pretty robust list of schools in your state by simply Googling "[State Name] colleges." Do this and a list of colleges will appear across the top of your screen. Thanks, Google! Schools With Automatic Admissions Criteria A school that has criteria for automatic admission (e.g., if you live in-state and have a particular class rank, GPA, and/or test score profile) might not require applicants who meet the automatic criteria to submit essays with their applications. However, don’t assume that just because you meet automatic admissions criteria that you won’t need to write an essay. At UT Austin, for example, all students must submit an essay, regardless of whether they meet the automatic admissions criteria. Although you could probably write just a straightforward paragraph in the essay section and still get admitted (since you meet the criteria), you’d likely be hurting your scholarship potential, not to mention jeopardizing your chances of being let into your desired major. Small Private Liberal Arts Institutions Another group of schools that might not require essays are smaller, private liberal arts institutions. These types of schools often serve a fairly niche market and might simply not get a high enough application volume to need essays to differentiate applicants. Community Colleges Local community colleges do not require essays for enrollment, since most allow anyone to enroll. Some even have automatic transfer agreements with local four-year universities. However, if you want to transfer to a particular four-year university after you finish at a community college, you might very well have to write an essay- so you could just be putting off the inevitable! You can find a lot of no-essay colleges for your basket! Complete List: 64 Colleges That Don’t Require Essays The following chart contains 64 colleges with no essay requirement, organized by state. I’ve also included information on application requirements and the US Newsranking for each school (though, of course, there are limitations to theserankings.) Note that these are far from the only no-essay college applications- just some of the most notable. Follow our guidelines above for finding additional essay-free colleges. State School Essay Requirement Notes on Admission Criteria US NewsRanking Alabama University of Alabama None Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts National Universities - #129 Alabama State University None Primarily determined by GPA and test scores Regional Universities South - Tier 2 Alaska University of Alaska Anchorage None Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts Regional Universities West - #81 University of Alaska Fairbanks None Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts National Universities - #215 Arizona Northern Arizona University None Primarily determined by GPA and test scores National Universities - Tier 2 University of Arizona Optional for "Comprehensive Review" admission Assured admission for in-state applicants who meet criteria; comprehensive review process for all other applicants National Universities - #106 Arizona State University None Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts, class rank National Universities - #5 Arkansas Arkansas State University None Primarily determined by GPA and test scores Regional Universities South - #95 University of Arkansas None Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts, class rank National Universities - #152 California California State University None Primarily by eligibility index; some majors/campuses have more stringent requirements Ranking depends on campus Colorado University of Colorado - Denver None (though UC Boulder does require an essay) Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts National Universities - #205 Connecticut University of Bridgeport Only required for dental hygiene students; otherwise, encouraged but not required. Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts Regional Universities North - Tier 2 Delaware Delaware State University None Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts Regional Universities North - Tier 2 Florida University of Central Florida Strongly encouraged but not required Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts National Universities - #165 University of South Florida None "Each applicant is considered individually, taking into account grades, rigor of curriculum and standardized test scores" National Universities - #124 Georgia Georgia State University Optional Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts National Universities - #187 Hawaii University of Hawaii Manoa None Primarily determined by GPA, transcripts, test scores, class rank National Universities - #157 Idaho University of Idaho None Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts National Universities - #165 Illinois Illinois State University Optional personal statement Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts National Universities - #171 Indiana Indiana Wesleyan University None Meet GPA and test score cutoffs Regional Universities Midwest - #32 University of Southern Indiana None Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts Regional Universities Midwest - Tier 2 University of Indianapolis Writing samples are encouraged but not required Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts, class rank Regional Universities Midwest - #38 Iowa Iowa State University None Primarily through the Regent Admission Index National Universities - #9 University of Iowa None Different requirements for different schools in the university National Universities - #89 Kansas Kansas State University None Students must meet GPA/test requirements and complete Precollege Curriculum National Universities - #147 University of Kansas Short answers only for those who don't meet Assured Admission criteria Meet Assured Admission criteria through GPA/test score requirements National Universities - #129 Kentucky Kentucky State University None Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts Regional Colleges South - #30 Louisiana Louisiana State University - Baton Rouge None Primarily determined by GPA and test scores National Universities - #140 University of Louisiana - Lafayette None Guaranteed admission for in-state applicants who meet criteria; primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts National Universities - Tier 2 Maryland Bowie State University Optional Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts Regional Universities North - Tier 2 Massachusetts Bridgewater State University Encouraged but not required Primarily determined by test scores and transcripts Regional Universities North - #7 Michigan Eastern Michigan University None Admissions index based on test scores and GPA National Universities - Tier 2 Western Michigan University None Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts National Universities - #205 Minnesota University of Minnesota - Twin Cities None Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts, class rank National Universities - #76 Mississippi University of Mississippi None Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts, class rank National Universities - #152 Mississippi State University None Assured admission for students who have completed prerequisite coursework and meet a combination of GPA/class rank/test score criteria National Universities - #177 Missouri University of Missouri None Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts, class rank National Universities - #129 Missouri State University Essays required only if you don't meet the selection index criteria Meet selection index criteria and have completed prerequisite coursework Regional Universities Midwest - #1 Montana University of Montana None Meet primary requirements and have completed prerequisite coursework National Universities - #201 Nebraska University of Nebraska - Lincoln Required only for scholarship consideration Assured admission if you meet performance requirements and have completed prerequisite coursework National Universities - #129 Nevada University of Nevada Reno None Meet GPA or test score requirement and have completed prerequisite coursework National Universities - #201 New Jersey Kean University Recommended but not required Primarily determined by test scores, transcripts, and any supplementary documentation submitted Regional Universities North - #139 New Mexico University of New Mexico None Primarily determined by test scores and transcripts National Universities - #187 New York Siena College Optional writing sample Primarily determined by transcripts; test scores are optional for most programs, as is the essay National Liberal Arts Colleges - #135 CUNY-Baruch College Recommended but not required Primarily determined by test scores, transcripts, and any supplementary documentation submitted Regional Universities North - #20 CUNY-Hunter College Optional Primarily determined by test scores, transcripts, and any supplementary documentation submitted Regional Universities North - #25 North Carolina West Carolina University Recommended but not required Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts, class rank Regional Universities South - #34 North Dakota University of North Dakota None Meet GPA and test score requirements and have completed prerequisite coursework National Universities - #205 Ohio Ohio University Optional Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts, class rank National Universities - #171 Oklahoma Oklahoma State University Essay required only if you need comprehensive application review Assured admission by combination of GPA/class rank/test scores; otherwise comprehensive application review National Universities - #157 Oregon Southern Oregon University Optional writing sample Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts; students who feel they might not meet academic requirements can submit supporting documentation Regional Universities West - #88 Western Oregon University Required only for students who don't meet minimum academic requirements Admission primarily via GPA (3.0+) and recommendation; test optional except for students applying for scholarships and honors, or for those who don't meet minimum academic requirements Regional Universities West - #63 Eastern Oregon University Required only for petitioning students Automatic admission for students who meet basic coursework/test requirements and have a GPA of 2.75 Regional Universities West - Tier 2 Pennsylvania University of Pittsburgh Optional short-answer questions Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts National Universities - #70 South Carolina Clemson University Optional Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts National Universities - #66 University of South Carolina Only required for Honors College application Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts National Universities - #106 South Dakota University of South Dakota None Meet GPA, test score, or class rank cutoff and have completed prerequisite coursework National Universities - #226 Tennessee Tennessee State University None Meet GPA/test score cutoffs and have completed prerequisite coursework National Universities - Tier 2 Utah University of Utah Only required for Honors College application Primarily determined by GPA, test scores, transcripts National Universities - #9 Utah State University None Meet GPA/test score cutoffs and have completed prerequisite coursework National Universities - #205 Washington Washington State University None Meet College Academic Distribution Requirements; assured admission for top 10% of class or 3.5+ GPA National Universities - #140 West Virginia West Virginia University None Meet GPA/test score cutoffs and have completed prerequisite coursework National Universities - #205 Wyoming University of Wyoming None Meet GPA/test score cutoffs and have completed prerequisite coursework National Universities - #183 Canada McGill University Essay only required for some programs and scholarships Primarily determined by test scores and transcripts Global Universities - #49 Is this all the paper you've got? No problem forno-essay college applications! Should You Apply to a College That Doesn’t Require an Essay? If you’re reading this article, you’re clearly worried about writing application essays for one reason or another. Maybe you’re concerned about having enough time to finish everything. Or maybe you think your writing is terrible. Here are some reasons to write college essays in spite of your misgivings: You Want to Apply to the Most Selective Schools If you're hoping to apply to the most selective schools, you'll almost certainly have to write at least one essay. The most highly ranked no-essay school that I could find was Clemson- a great school. But if you’re going for UChicago, MIT, Stanford, or an Ivy League-level school, you'll have to write an essay. You Want a Scholarship Even if you do apply to a school that doesn’t require an essay, you might still have to write an essay if you want to apply for the most competitive scholarships. You Have Special Circumstances to Explain If you have any kind of special circumstance to explain- say, a dip in your grades one year due to a family illness- you definitely want to write about it in an essay. This will help you compensate for any perceived deficits in your academic record and also prevent you from being penalized in the admissions process for the vagaries of life. There's value in telling your story to the admissions committee. You’re a Good Writer I’m thinking that most strong writers are going to actively want to write college essays, but just in case: if writing is one of your strengths, definitely write an essay. You want to show off your best qualities to admissions officers, after all! If your primary concern is time, use something like the Common Application so you don’t have to write a new essay for every school. The Essay Prompt Is Short Some college essays are barely essays at all. Some required essays have just a 250-word limit, and 500 words is pretty standard. For reference, the first section of this article- "Why Do Some Colleges Not Require Essays?"- is about 450 words, including sub-headings. That’s not so bad! You Can Get Help Although it’s important that your college essays are your own work, you’re allowed to get help with them! Colleges expect you to put your best foot forward, so if that means discussing ideas with parents and teachers, and having someone else look over your rough drafts and offer suggestions, that’s completely fine. You don’t have to go at it completely alone. You Can Reuse an Essay for All Your Schools For schools that use the Common App, Coalition App, or Universal College App, you can generally use one essay for all your colleges. Some schools might require additional supplemental essays, though, so be sure to look that up in advance to avoid being blindsided later. So Should I Write an Essay? If it happens that all the schools you want to apply to don’t require essays, then great!But overall, I'd say don’t let the fact that a school has one (or even two) essays stop you from applying if you're genuinely interested in going there. If you find writing essays stressful or if you're time-limited, there’s nothing wrong with using some strategies to limit the number of polished essays you need to produce (such as using the Common App) and applying to a mix of essay and no-essay schools. Sometimes the pen really is mightier than the sword. Key Takeaways: Colleges That Don’t Require Essays There are actually tons of colleges that don’t require essays. Here are some common reasons why a college might not require an essay: Limited resources- it takes a lot of time and effort to read an essay by each applicant They might have certain GPA and/or test score admissions criteria and feel as though the information provided by an essay isn’t necessary To make it more appealing to students by having an easier application process So how can you find college applicationswithout essays? Here are some places to start: Public schools in your state, especially smaller ones in case the bigger ones do require essays Schools with automatic admissions criteria- if you qualify for admission, you might not need to write an essay Smaller liberal arts institutions Community colleges When it comes down to it, though, should you apply to colleges with no essay requirement? Here are some reasons you might want to write a college essay, even if you're apprehensive: The most selective colleges usually do require essays Scholarship applications for particular schools often require essays If you have special circumstances to explain, plan on writing an essay Strong writers should write essays to put their best foot forward Word limits are often very short- think 250-500 words (that’s just a few paragraphs!) You’re allowed (and encouraged) to get help with brainstorming ideas and revising drafts If you use an application system that can send applications to multiple schools, such as the Common App, Coalition App, or Universal College App, you might be able to write just one essay for all the schools you're applying to Don't forget to also check out our list of 64 colleges that don't require essays! No essay, no tears! What's Next? Need more help looking for colleges? See our step-by-step guide to college research. Also, check out how to decide where to go to college and the difference between a college and a university! Decided to write an essay after all and need some help? Check out our comprehensive guide to writing a college essayand our guide to writing the "why this college" essay. Be sure toavoid these 10 college essay mistakes, too. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

How does Social learning theory positively impact the training program Literature review - 1

How does Social learning theory positively impact the training program - Literature review Example The social learning theory, as postulated by Albert Bandura, has been applied widely in organizations as the most appropriate way of allowing employees to acquire the desired skills, knowledge and abilities. This paper presents a review of past research on the application of the social learning theory in a training project for employees within organizations. The paper aims at demonstrating the models, theories and factors which are involved in the social learning theory approach within a training project. Social Learning Theory In accordance with the works of Bandura on the social learning theory, it is postulated that employees or individuals within organizations learn appropriately and effectively within the context of a social environment (Harris & Kleiner, 1993). The learning or training that applies the social learning theory and approach is achieved through learning concepts and models such as observation and modeling (Knights & Willmott, 2007). As a result, various models have been put forth and applied in training projects. This is because the application of models in training programs and projects has been described as the most effective way of achieving change in behavior within organizations or companies (Boyce, 2011). However, past research has demonstrated heated debate on the effectiveness of social learning theory in meeting the training needs of an organization. The critics of the theory base their arguments that the models used within the social learning theory are not as effective and efficient as they are presented by the theory’s proponents (Clarke & Caffarella, 1999). On the other hand, reports of scientific investigation reflect a recommendation for organizations to employ the social learning theory as a learning tool within its training projects (Kalliath, Brough, O'Driscoll, Manimala, & Siu, 2010). Such research is backed by evidence and illustrations on the effectiveness of the theory in achieving the goals and objectives of trai ning projects within small, medium size and large organizations. In the light of these observations, the literature review within this paper will analyze, evaluate and discuss past research on this theory in relation to its application in promoting the effectiveness of learning projects within organizations. Workplace Training and Employee Development The focus of many researchers has been within various aspects of the contemporary knowledge community or society. As a result, past researchers commonly refer to the modern knowledge society as post-capitalism, post-Fordism or post-industrialism (Boyce, 2011). Nonetheless, many researchers who investigate the role of social learning theory in organizational training refer to the contemporary knowledge society as late-capitalism and post-modernity (Bartol, Tein, Matthews, & Martin, 2005). The models within the observational learning approach, as postulated by Bandura in his social learning theory, have specifically attracted the attenti on of researchers. According to Bandura’s social learning theory, a live model is an observational approach which is a description of an individual who is depicting the desired characteristics and behavior. Researchers

You can choose the topic that you prefer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

You can choose the topic that you prefer - Essay Example At the same time, others firms are diverging, they are rapidly encountering culture and economic. These all based global marketing strategy. First, the firm has to know, why this converge or divergence is required in business and at what perspective they can meet global market’ need as an evolutionary. Then the firm has to divide the markets in to five major segments and each part will be examined with respect of the economic and culture of markets. Next step, the outcomes of each segment has to be examined and implement different strategies in each segment to find out which will be the better market for the business and how the firm will grow. In this article, the firm wants to expand its operation management to fulfill the need of market. However, they are facing complex numbers of issue regarding this. The firm is unable to develop an integrated and unified strategy for the world market. The issue with the firm is competition and potential growth in the world market. So they need a diversification in their strategy to implement this whole process through which the firm can resolve the issues. To work in global market efficiently, the marking managers need to know the behavior of consumers, which is very complex in practical. In most case, the behaviors of consumers are assumed due to its complexity. It is very tough process to understand the behaviors of consumers and to develop a frame work for globalization. However, every marketing manager should understand the behaviors of consumers and to implement in a conceptual framework. This conceptual framework of consumer’ behavior always assists the business to develop in the global market. Through this, the company can satisfy the consumers and fulfill the demand of global market. Even, the conceptual framework also gives leads to the company about the government policies regarding consumers. This whole process is done thru the help of global convergence by protecting

Descriptive Essay- Describing Bass Guitar :: description essay, observation essay

Description paper You can describe an object a few ways. Depending on what that object is, you have to decide on the best manner of analyzing it. If you were describing a musical instrument like a bass or guitar, the physical description might be sufficient. However, to a musician there's a lot more to it. Sitting in a music stand in the corner of a room right now is a bass. This bass looks very simple to the eye, but actually has a lot more detail than you think. To the normal eye, someone sees a smooth body shape with a long wooden neck overlapping and continuing vertically up. This requires a closer look. Zooming in closer at the neck, little dots start to appear. These markings are like reminders of what notes are to be played by the musician. They start to shine a bit in a chrome-type reflection. Underneath those dots is the actual neck, which looks like a smooth, flat-tone wood. Also on that same neck are what look like sectioned off pieces. Metal bars go horizontally across the neck to mark off certain notes. These bars get closer together as the neck gets closer to the body. When a finger is pressed down between two of these bars, a note is signified. Above the neck is what is called a head. On this particular body-shape, are metallic knobs called machine-heads, which tighten or loosen the strings depending on which way they’re rotated. On the other side of this neck is the largest part of the bass. This is the body. The body can be any number of shapes. This particular shape is like a glossy black melted figure eight with horns. The horns point toward the head of the bass. The right horn is a bit higher than the left. These details have to do with making the bass comfortable to hold and play. In the center of the body are plastic bars with magnetic studs lined up under the strings. These magnets pick up the vibrations from the strings and create a number of sounds.

Business Plan on Indoor Sports Complex

[Type the document title] [Type the document subtitle] [Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. ] 2013 3/28/2013 TabTable of Contents 1. 1 Business Model7 1. 1. 1 Company Overview7 1. 1. 3 Objectives8 1. 1. 4 Mission8 1. 1. 5 Vision8 What is Futsal? 8 1. 1. 6 Facilities9 1. 1. 7 SERVICES10 1. 1. 8 Pitch10 1. 1. 9 Sports Store10 1. 1. 10 Food Court10 1. 2. 1 Concept:11 1. 2. 2 Location11 1. 2. Management12 Company Ownership12 1. 2. 4 Personnel12 2 The marketing Plan13 2. 1 Market Analysis Summary13 2. 2 Market Segmentation14 Consumer Profile15 2. 3 Competition16 2. 3. 1 Competitive Edge16 2. 4 Sales Strategy17 2. 5 Pricing18 2. 6 Sales Strategy18 2. 7 Sales Forecast18 2. 8 Advertising Strategies19 Advertising and promotion:19 2. 9 Timeline20 3 Financials20 3. 1 Financing20 Start-up Funding21 3. 2 S tartup Cost23 Start-up Requirements23 Pro Forma Cash Flow23 4 Conclusions25 5 Bibliographies25 5. 1 Experiences25 LETTER of TRANSMITTAL March 29, 2013 Taufique Hossain (TmT)Lecturer, School of Business North South University Subject: Submission of Group Report. Dear Sir, It is a great pleasure for us to submit this group report on â€Å"Indoor Futsal†. We, Group SHOWTIME worked as a team to prepare the report as you instructed in the class. We are pleased to inform you that we have thoroughly enjoyed working through this group report. It has enabled us to gain valuable knowledge and experience that would help us in our career development. Therefore, we would like to take this opportunity to convey our deep regard for your valuable guidance and sincere inspiration. Also you can read  Business Ethics ComprisesWe hope you will enjoy reading this paper. In presenting this report, we have tried our level best to include all the relevant ideas and the explanations to make the report informative and comprehensive. If you have any query regarding the interpretation of this project feel free to contact us. Thank you for believing in us and giving us this wonderful opportunity. Yours Sincerely, Name – ID – Contact Number ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Our first acknowledge goes to the almighty Allah for giving us the patience and courage to finish this task within its deadline.Then, we cordially thank our respected course instructor, Mr. Taufique Hossain for his continuous guidance and support to make this report possible. He assisted us whenever we needed any help. His generosity and liberality aid us to go further with this report without any hazardous situation. We are deeply indebted to the people who helped us in coming up with this authentic repo rt by taking part in the survey. It was crucial in the preparation of this report. We would like to thank each individual group member. Last but not the least we are very thankful to our family.Without their help this report would not be done so successfully, specially our mothers. We thank them all for their love and trust. Executive Summary This would be an ideal opportunity to paraphrase that philosophy about life and death, and explain why taken in context, rather than flippantly flung down beside a crime of humanity or a human tragedy, that there is both truth and beauty in what Football  is  more than just a game. It is more important than life and death, because it’s purely about life, which is eminently more important than death.But that is to disrobe the sentiment of its context, to be irresponsible with the words. Football is about what you are and how you meet the world, and nothing at all to do with the futility of wasting time considering death. Football is a bout doing all that you can, irrespective of what happens beyond your control. In this city, scarcely do we get the chance to exercise our passion, and even more scarcely do office goers get to get their passion for football alight. That’s where the beauty of indoor futsal comes in. Recognized by the FIFA as the official form of indoor football, it a star in its own rights.It is attractive for youth and middle aged corporate officials, who can exercise their passion for football long after the sun has gone down. After many arranged tournaments in the impromptu indoor sports complexes, there begs to be an organized solution for enthusiasts in this sport. That’s where â€Å"Sportsvana† comes in. It blends virtues of traditional football with an unprecedented package. We will offer a fully functioning sport store, sports rental, and food court and foosball table at our premises. Of those who are just about crazy for football, we offer an immersive experience bar an y other.Even if you like a game in your playstation better, we dare to convert you. On the other side, it functions in its legal form as a partnership business, and its marketing channels, promotions and financial projections are shown in the proposal. We blend innovative marketing technique with a truly unique USP, and our strong suit is being able bond with people, being enthusiasts and players as well. That said, there is a need to upgrade the market to suit women’s needs as well, and we will see to regularly hosting women’s futsal tournament, and make it as popular as women basketball or handball in this country.With the mission and vision on our sight, we cannot but be hopeful of our future, building a greater tomorrow with this harmonious sport. 1. 1 Organizational Plan 1. 1 Business Model After a hard day at the University or Office, many regard an even harder push in the field bliss. Football releases energy and revitalizes the young souls, by completely tiring them out. Or 30 something office goers, who have kept their passion for football alight. Dhaka city is not a place people can enjoy open fields. There are too many people and too less fields.In a random day, chances are you won’t even get a place in the field. That’s where the need of an organized platform comes, the need of a sports complex, that will organize the matches for you, book a place in the field, maybe provide food and relaxation, all in a nice and friendly package. That’s where the need of Sportsvana comes. 1. 1. 1 Company Overview Sportsvana Indoor Futsal is the only indoor futsal facility in the Dhaka City area. The population of Dhaka City is 240,000 residents. Sportsvana has two professional-style, lighted fields, (73†² x 140†²) featuring Field Turf ®, for fast-action, fun futsal.No matter what the weather conditions is, day or night, futsal players will find a safe, clean, and friendly atmosphere for futsal enjoyment. Several divis ions for youth, men, women, and coed provide all players–from beginners to highly skilled–the right environment for recreational yet competitive futsal. League play is continuous year round. All league participants are required to become members of Sportsvana Indoor Futsal. The annual fee is 3000 BDT. Team registration per session is 3500 BDT per hour. Each session has 10 games with championship awards being given to the first place team.In addition, skills clinics are available for beginning adults and those wishing to polish their skills. The two fields can also be rented for practices, preseason and post-season team parties, camps, clinics, school grad nights, fund raising tournaments, organized leagues and more. A futsal store is on site to provide leading futsal brands to players, teams, leagues and schools. The facility will also have a small cafe that will serve drinks, sandwiches, and pastry. Sportsvana is a fully integrated sports company that offers our clien ts, young or old, a full range of sports management services from conceptualization stages to execution.We are well equipped with experience and trained staffs in ensuring that all of our clients’ needs are met to a standard of excellence. We have the equipment to undertake all projects. Our experience encompasses; events designed to appeal to specific targeted participants, events with appeal to the general public, events with corporate appeal such as sponsorship and hospitality and events which we manage for clients. Often our management skills have to incorporate one or more of these elements which are; event creation, design and management, sponsorship, marketing and public relations and personality management.We offer corporations a solution to these problems. We are able to handle all the sporting needs Sportsvana Indoor Futsal projects that the center will have more than 800 members, 30 adult teams and 30 youth teams by the end of year one. 1. 1. 3 Objectives The objec tives for Sportsvana Indoor Futsal are the following: * Build facility membership to more than 800. * Register 30 adult and 25 youth teams by the end of first year of operation. * Develop facility potential * Expand to Bashundhara by year 3 * Break-even by year 3 * Open new facility in Uttara by year 5 1. 1. 4 MissionThe mission of Sportsvana Indoor Futsal is to provide Dhaka Ciyt residents with a state-of-the-art Futsal facility that will enable both youth and adults to enjoy the sport of Futsal year round. We hope to evoke sense of bonding and competitiveness among students and even office-goers, who will find nirvana through the game of Futsal and other sports, thus Sportsvana. 1. 1. 5 Vision Our vision is to build a harmonious platform for youth and thirty something’s for a better future. What is Futsal? Futsal is a variant of Futsal that is played on a smaller pitch and mainly played indoors.Its name is derived from the Portuguese futebol de salao and the Spanish futbol de salon (colloquially futbol sala), which can be translated as â€Å"hall Futsal† or â€Å"indoor Futsal†. During the sport’s second world championships held in Madrid in 1985, the name futbol Sala was used. Since then, all other names have been officially and internationally changed to futsal. Futsal ® (Five-a-Side Futsal) is â€Å"The Way the World Plays Indoor Futsal† and is the international form of indoor Futsal approved by the Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA).It is played in all continents of the world by over 100 countries with 12 million players. The pitch is made up of wood or artificial material, Yinghui Court, or similar surface, although any flat, smooth and non-abrasive material may be used. The length of the pitch is in the range of 38–42 m (42–46 yd), and the width is in the range of 18–25 m in international matches. For other matches, it can be 25–42 m (27–46 yd)in length, while the width can be 15–25 m (16–27 yd), as long as the length of the longer boundary lines (touchlines) are greater than the shorter boundaries where the goals are placed (goal lines).The ceiling must be at least 4 m (4 yd) high. A rectangular goal is positioned at the middle of each goal line. The inner edges of the vertical goal posts must be 3 m (3 yd) apart, and the lower edge of the horizontal crossbar supported xx by the goal posts must be 2 m (2. 2 yd) above the ground. Nets made of hemp, jute or nylon is attached to the back of the goalposts and crossbar. The lower part of the nets is attached to curved tubing or another suitable means of support. The depth of the goal is 80 cm at the top and 1 m at the bottom.Because the sport is a great skill developer, demanding quick reflexes, fast thinking and pin point passing, it is an exciting game for children as well as adults. The game is very economical and safe, simple and fun to play. Just by playing with the ball d evelops precise ball control and technical skill, agility, lightening reflexes and decision making. As the balls have less bounce they tend to stay in play longer and promote close ball control. After playing in enclosed areas and learning to think and react quickly, players find when they play to the full game they react well under pressure.Playing in enclosed areas develops creativity; players are also constantly placed in demanding decision making situations in enclosed areas which is a major reason why Futsal is one of the finest teachers of the quick pass and move. In Futsal it is very hard to defend against a team that is adept at this type of play. Playing the beautiful game of Futsal is developed through Futsal. 1. 1. 6 Facilities Sportsvana is an indoor court built to provide futsal addicts and players to enjoy real time playing futsal with friends and family.We provide all the amneties for them in order to enjoy their futsal time. * We provide most importantly futsal court which is the turf, futsal balls, food services place to relax and rest, and futsal equipments. * On top of that, we take jersey orders for teams which is interested to do when there is any tournament organized by us * We provide stalls for sporting goods related to futsal and excercising gear * We take on the spot orders for custom-made jerseys, team jerseys, sports memorabilia and other items related to other sports s well * A stacked food court EPL matches on projector and 5:1 music system * Shower and changing room * 2 foosball tables * Membership cards, which provide a discount at match prices and an sms derived SMART system which allows to book matches and see timetables. It will also allow you to be listed as a player, reviewing you lifetime scores, passes made, assists and miles run. * Games videography assists and many more to come†¦.. 1. 1. 7 SERVICES 4 Futsal Pitches (Turf, Decoflex, Herculan & Parquet Pitches on the built facility) . 2 International Size Basketball Courts converted Parquet Pitches.We provide only the best Futsal Balls, Excellent pitch conditions, Spectator Galleries, Lounge Area with Tables,Shower / Changing & Restrooms (Male & Female),Fans/Mist Fans, Sports Shop, Well stocked Food/Snacks/Ice Cream & Drinks, Booking services, EPL on Astro & Projectors. 1. 1. 8 Pitch Our pitch is converted from basketball court to futsal field. The lines and dimension of a futsal field is roughly the same of a basketball court. But additional measures will be taken in case of tournament, as white powder will be applied to create an international standard pitch.There are no walls around the Abahani facility. There is a wall along the Gymnasium Field, but as per game rules, rebound on walls is not allowed. The pitch will feature 5:1 music system with songs on request. 1. 1. 9 Sports Store There will be a small sport store on the facility for impulse buyers. It will feature * Latest jerseys of international and national teams * Futsal equipment su ch as turf shoes, balls, shorts and socks * Football memorabilia * Small selection of boots * Custom T-shirts Also the store will feature an area where you can order your custom jerseys and order sports equipment to specification 1. . 10 Food Court On the surroundings of the courts there will be a food and beverage area where users of the facility can replenish their bodies. This area has been placed so the users may have a bird's-eye view of the happenings on the courts while enjoying their favorite non-alcoholic beverage and/or snack. Included in this area will be a big screen TV that will show sporting events, sports news, or appropriate programs those users’ wishes to watch. This aspect of the facility will be crucial in providing the desired atmosphere The Supreme Courts hopes to create. A qualified, experienced person will be hired to run this aspect of the facility. He/she will have the responsibility to meet necessary standards and to report to, and work directly with the general partners to make sure the needs of the users in this area are met. If additional staff are required, this person will hire and train those people in accordance with The Supreme Courts policies. * A fast-food menu featuring subs, rolls, burgers and egg based products. There is also a counter for health drinks and protein bars. * EPL matches in projectors on selected days * 2 Foosball tables 1. 2 Administrative Plan . 2. 1 Concept: This indoor sports facility will be equipped with 2 full international-sized Futsal courts converted from concrete basketball ground. This facility will also be equipped with lighting poles to enable evening and night play. Many value-added facilities will be provided to our customers such as, lockers, female and male changing rooms with showers amenities, a small cafe, parking and free Wi-fi access. As a social trend today, the atmosphere that we are trying to create is towards a greener and healthier environment and lifestyle with eco-friendl y facilities (energy saving lights and water).In the tight and congested space of Dhaka City, few places remain which can provide this sort of facility session basis or at a rent. We have chosen the following areas for our base of operations. 1. 2. 2 Location * Our first and primary location will be the Abahani Indoor Basketball ground, fully equipped with light poles, bars and equipment to be made into a futsal pitch. The Abahani is also equipped with spectator stands, changing room, space for stalls and parking. * This location can be had for rent or lease if it doesn’t serve any other primary purpose. For example, if it doesn’t have any Basketball matches on that very particular time. For our secondary base, we have chosen the Dhaka University indoor games facility, with its basketball ground which can be converted into a futsal pitch. It lacks spectator stands, but it makes up in terms of practice space. * The outdoor futsal facility of the Abahani Stadium will als o be used. Initial plans are to turn to the Abahani Indoor Sports facility, in Dhanmondi. The facility will be taken on daily rent basis. The dates will be flexible according to the basketball timetable the facility has. It also has an outdoor futsal facility which will be used in turns. The Dhaka University Indoor games field will also be used simultaneously.We have future plans to expand to Bashundhara and build our own facility in Uttara. 1. 2. 3 Management Company Ownership Our business will be fully owned by the partners. The business will maintain a multiple proprietorship status for at least the first two years of operation. The initial management team for The Supreme Courts depends mainly on the general partners. Will stay within their expertise in running the day-to-day operations of the facility such as scheduling, marketing, and promotions, along with running and developing various leagues and programs for the community.Back-up for the general partners will include staff members who will compensate for the founders lack of experience in each area. The business projects that the Abahani facility will be so popular that a second indoor operation will be established in the nearby Bashundhara. At that time the business will reorganize to become an S Corporation. The ownership model will be based on partnership, and a rotational basis â€Å"Managing Partner† will be selected for overseeing administrative duties. Our organizational structure is as follows Financial Officer (outsourced) 1. 2. 4 PersonnelThe personnel of Sportsvana Indoor Futsal are as follows: * Manager (managing partner) * Asst manager (2 other partners) * Senior staff (2); * Staff (2); * Store staff person (1); * Cafe staff (2). A janitorial service will be contracted to clean the facility. But most of the maintenance work will be done by the Abahani field staff. A chart of their expected salary and qualification is given below Post| Salary (expected)| Qualification| Managing Part ner| Subjective to Profit/Loss| | Asst. Manager (partner)| Subjective to Profit/Loss| | Senior Staff| 16,000| H. S. C| Staff| 13,000| H.S. C| Store staff| 8,000| H. S. C| Cafeteria Staff| 7,000| H. S. C| The minimum working hours will be 3 hours to a maximum of 8 hours. The facility will run from prior schedules. 2 The marketing Plan 2. 1 Market Analysis Summary Futsal is a popular sport in Dhaka. Currently there are 6,000 children participating in the youth Futsal leagues, and 3,000 adults participating in the  adult league. The number of players is growing dramatically. There are two factors that are impacting the popularity of Futsal. * The first is the large number of children in the county under the age of 12.There are approximately 30,000 children in the city under the age of 12. The projection is that the percentage of children under the age of 12 will continue to grow for the next five years. The most popular sport with this age group is football. * The second factor is th e growing number of young people between the ages of 24 – 35 that are participating in team sports. Participation in  coed football has increased by 20% each year for the past three years. The demand for fields has led to the city building 2 new playing fields this year. Adult outdoor football league has grown by 50% over the past two years.Currently, there are  12 adult league teams participating in the outdoor city Futsal league. * The rise in the scene of â€Å"UNDERGROUND FOOTBALL† scene is a sign of the rising popularity of football. There has been a significant increase in the underground tournaments held each year. There hasn’t been any organized attempt to blend the events from all localities to a single mega event. * There has been a significant increase in football among office workers and corporate players. 2. 2 Market Segmentation 1. Weekend Warriors: an important market segment for The Sportsvanawill is the weekend warriors.These people don't li ke to be locked into long-term commitments but like the freedom to come and go when the opportunity presents itself. These people will be a target market for special promotions and periodic activities. These people may include corporate players and tournament teams. 2. Families: this is a smaller, but important market segment for our facility. We have â€Å"something for everyone† and that will attract families that want to become members of the facility as well as families who simply want a few hours of fun every now and again.These people will also be the main target for summer camps and activities that allow for fun and education for the children while the parents enjoy some relatively cheap babysitting. 3. Senior Citizens: this market segment will be our fastest growing market as more senior citizens are retiring to Henderson than any other group. When provided with health promoting programs, senior citizens are willing to participate due to the new focus on physical acti vity and the constant encouragement from family and physicians. In fact, this group was the fastest growing club membership segment over the last 10 years according to **.It grew up to four times faster than other segments. 4. Students: Another small market segment, students will be attracted to use this facility for various purposes without the pressure or hassle of a required membership. The simple daily walk-in fee will make The Sportsvana a very attractive place for these people. We have made an age chart to better understand our target customers. Consumer Profile Provided the data we have accumulated and psychological profiling of our customers, we have done a consumer profiling of our customers. We will focus on the following target customers: * Youths, ages 6-14 years of age. Adults, ages 24-35 years of age. 2. 3 Competition The competition of Sportsvana is not through direct competitors, but through means of other organizers of the sport. They are: 1. The Abahani Field: The vast Abahani Field, in which you can play for free, is one of our biggest competitors. But they lack in space and you might often struggle to find a place. 2. Organizers of events: These people satisfy our main target customers, the weekend warriors. This might be a tough call to attract players who are committed to a tournament. WE can analyze the market with Porters Five forces 2. 3. 1 Competitive EdgeThe Sportsvana’s competitive edge is twofold. First, The Supreme Courts is the only complex that offers 2 full-size basketball courts that are available for the members and the community to use and/or rent. On top of this, the scope and variation of the programs that will be run from this facility are unmatched by any other club in the area. The second part of our competitive edge is the location, size, and appearance of the facility that will attract many people into the complex. By maintaining our focus in our strategy, marketing, program development, and fulfillment, The Sp ortsvana will  be known as the top sports club in Dhaka.We should be aware; however, that our competitive edge may be diluted if we become complacent in our program development and implementation. It will be important for us to keep up with the current trends in both sport and fitness programs. 2. 4 Sales Strategy Sales in the sport and are based on the services and amenities provided by the facility. The â€Å"something for everyone† slogan fits perfectly with us. All of the users of our facility must feel like they are getting the best possible value for their money. If there is a better value, for equal services, we will match or beat that value for our customers.Each person desiring a membership at Sportsvana will be able to sit down with a representative and be notified of all of their membership options. During this brief discussion, the person will be also being informed of all of the services, programs, and amenities we have to offer. It will be important to establi sh a relationship of trust with our members as membership retention is an important aspect in our business. 2. 5 Pricing Sportsvana   is  an indoor Futsal facility that offers league play, Futsal training and a Futsal shop. The facility is also available to be rented out for special events.The following is the fee schedule: * Annual Facility Membership: 3000 BDT * Team Registration per Session: 15000 BDT * Facility Rental Fee: Member  300 BDT/hr, Non-Member 450 BDT/hr * Skill Clinic Fees: Range from 3000 BDT (per week)  for children, to 12000 BDT for groups They are  led by Futsal skill instructors with â€Å"A† Level Coaching Certification. The skill clinics are geared toward the novice who wants to improve their Futsal skills. The facility also has a  Futsal shop that sells the very best in Futsal gear, indoor and outdoor. The shop  has  the best selection of turf shoes available in the city.Membership * Membership Fee: Sportsvana Indoor Futsal will offer a 25% discount on membership fees for the first six months. * Team Fee: The team fee will be reduced by 1000 BDT if the team registers before the early sign-up deadline. In addition, we will sell the facility rental potential to local schools, corporate, and civic organizations. 2. 6 Sales Strategy Sportsvana Indoor Futsal will sell the indoor facility to the current outdoor Futsal teams. We will operate a booth at the city's Futsal fields on the weekends for the two months before Sportsvana opens.In addition, we will call the team captains and coaches directly and sell the quality and convenience of the facility. Sportsvana Indoor Futsal will offer membership rates for field rental to these teams to get them in the facility. Spring is notorious for poor field conditions prior to the beginning of the Futsal season. During the first two weekends in April, Sportsvana Indoor Futsal will offer free indoor Futsal clinics for children and adults. 2. 7 Sales Forecast The following is the sal es forecast for the next three years. The clinics, cafe,  and the Futsal shop  will have direct cost of sales.The clinics will be hiring the coaches to lead the clinics. The Futsal shop's direct cost will be the wholesale price of the shop's inventory. Sportsvana Indoor Futsal will make a strong push to expand league play in the summer. The summer is usually softball and baseball season and  only competitive Futsal teams play during the summer months. These competitive teams represent only 10% of young Futsal players. The outdoor adults Futsal leagues also don't operate during the summer months, leaving a large number of recreational Futsal players with opportunity to play.The only slow period for sales will be in November and December. Though league sessions end in mid-November, December has proven to be a poor month to begin a new league session. 2. 8 Advertising Strategies Channel 3 is called a â€Å"direct-marketing† channel, since it has no intermediary levels. In this case the manufacturer sells directly to customers. An example of a direct marketing channel would be a factory outlet store. Many holiday companies also market direct to consumers, bypassing a traditional retail intermediary – the travel agent. Advertising and promotion:A mixture of advertisements and networking will be used to increase visibility for Sportsvana. In first we will be focused on introducing the product. The advertisement will be done on different media e. g. television, newspaper and billboard to make people aware of the product. Our promotional activity will be focused on timing. We have devised the following timeframes: We will use these following channels of marketing, to be elaborated on the presentation * Guerilla Marketing: we will use graffiti, flyers and subliminal messaging * Posters: it will be our bulk promotional activity Flyers: To accompany the posters * Facebook Page: It will help us create a direct relationship with our members. 2. 9 Timeli ne We have etched out a specific time line for our objectives. 3 Financials 3. 1 Financing Our total capitalization from the 3 partners will be 70 lakhs. We will raise another 50 lakhs through loans and angel investors. Start-up Funding| Start-up Expenses to Fund| 7,845,000| Start-up Assets to Fund| 336,500| Total Funding Required| 8181500| Assets| | Non-cash Assets from Start-up| $0| Cash Requirements from Start-up| 336,500| Additional Cash Raised| $0|Cash Balance on Starting Date| 336,500| Total Assets| 336,500| Liabilities and Capital| | Liabilities| | Current Borrowing| $0| Long-term Liabilities| 5,000,000| Accounts Payable (Outstanding Bills)| $0| Other Current Liabilities (interest-free)| $0| Total Liabilities| 5,000,000| Capital| | Planned Investment| | Investor 1| 100,000| Investor 2| 100,000| Investor 3| 100,000| Other| 200,000| Additional Investment Requirement| $0| Total Planned Investment| 5,000,000| Loss at Start-up (Start-up Expenses)| 7,845,000| Total Capital| (913,50 0)| Total Capital and Liabilities| 336,500|Total Funding| 12,000,000| | | General AssumptionsYear 1 Year 2 Year 3Plan Month 1 2 3Current Interest Rate 10. 00%10. 00 10. 00%Long-term Interest Rate 10. 00%10. 00 10. 00%Tax Rate 16. 25%15. 00 16. 25%Other 0003. 2 Startup Cost| | Start-up Requirements Start-up Expenses| | Legal(Including business understanding with Abahani)| 545,000| Brochures| 50,000| Insurance| 500,000|Rent | 4,000,000| Soccer Shop Setup| 1,500,000| Field Installation| 45,000| Cafe| 800,000| Total Start-up Expenses| 7,845,000| Start-up Assets| 150,000| Cash Required| 336,500| Start-up Inventory| 25,000| Other Current Assets| 25,000| Long-term Assets| 100,000| Total Assets| 336,500| Total Requirements| 8181500| Pro Forma Cash Flow | Year 1| Year 2| Year 3| Cash ReceivedCash from Operations| | | | Cash Sales| | | | Cash from Receivables| | | | Subtotal Cash from Operations| | | | Additional Cash Received| | | | Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received| | | | New Current Borrowi ng| | | |Sales of Other Current Assets| | | | Sales of Long-term Assets| | | | New Long-term Liabilities| | | | New Investment Received| | | | Subtotal Cash Received| | | | Expenditures from Operations| | | | Cash Spending| | | | Bill Payments| | | | Subtotal Spent on Operations| | | | Additional Cash Spent| | | | Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out| | | | Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing| | | | Other Liabilities Principal Repayment| | | | Long-term Liabilities Principal Repayment| | | | Purchase Other Current Assets| | | | Purchase Long-term Assets| | | | Subtotal Cash Spent| | | |Net Cash Flow| | | | Cash Balance| | | | 4 Conclusions Sportsvana in an idea pitched by a group of late-teens. It was implemented in some tournaments. It hasn’t yet caught on, the idea of playing any kind of â€Å"football† indoors. But those who have played the tournaments can vouch that it was the one of the most action packed, fun and tiring game of their life. We can proudly say tha t we will cater to a group, who will be sports buffs, and hold football to their hearts. So, in essence, our USP not lies in our proposition or uniqueness, it is how we DELIVER everything in a delightful package.Whether you are a high school teen, or a battle hardened corporate officer, deliverance is something we hand out in spades. 5 Bibliographies 1. http://www. startupbizhub. com/How-to-Start-a-Sporting-Goods-Store. htm 2. http://playersindoornaperville. com/facility/ 3. http://www. socceramerica. com/article/49102/a-plan-to-spur-pick-up-play. html 4. http://www. smallbusinessbrief. com/forum/showthread. php? t=15420 5. http://www. freebie-articles. com/Art/74396/9/Start-up-your-own-indoor-soccer-business. html 5. 1 Experiences An indoor futsal tournament organized in the Dhaka University Indoor Stadium

Womens Failure to Gain the Right to Vote between 1900 and...

Womens Failure to Gain the Right to Vote between 1900 and 1914 In the years leading up to the outbreak of the First World War in 1914, womens suffrage was never far from the headlines due to the constant bombardment of publicity stunts pulled by Emmeline Pankhurst and her Suffragettes. Using all within their power to gain attention, the Suffragettes believed in using direct persuasion, and if necessary, violent protest to remain in the public eye, pulling stunts from chaining themselves to the railings of the houses of specific members of Parliament to smashing the shop windows on Oxford Street. At the other end of the spectrum were the Suffragists, who based their campaign entirely on their†¦show more content†¦It was in 1905 when the first, most publicly known violent act undertaken by the Suffragettes came about. Christabel Pankhurst and her second in command, Annie Kenney were arrested after interrupting a large political meeting taking place in Manchester. When the two refused to pay fines, they were then imprisoned, which Christable used the publicity of her trial greatly to her advantage, gaining both support and sympathy. When raids on Parliament took place in 1906, then when another Womens Suffrage Bill was blocked and ignored, further raids occurred in 1908, including the heckling of MPs and the chaining of Suffragettes to railings, this was the pivotal point when people began to lose respect for them. The Suffragettes believed that all publicity was good publicity and sustained that they should gain the attention of the people by any means possible, including the use of violence. They assumed that by never failing to reach the newspapers their campaign would remain a constant figure in the lives of everyday people and that there would be a greater support for their cause. When, in 1910, Black Friday took place, this led the Suffragettes to become even more violent, turning to arson and destroying property. At the height of their violence in 1913, including the saga of the Cat and Mouse Act, and the establishmentShow MoreRelatedWomens Failure to Gain the Vote Between 1900 and 1914 Essay569 Words   |  3 PagesWomens Failure to Gain the Vote Between 1900 and 1914 Women had started to campaign for the vote and in 1900 the vote became more public. The general view in 1900 was that men and woman had different roles in society. Men were strong and born to govern, women were born to be governed and should be kept at home. The view of men was one of the reasons why There are many reasons why the women did not get the vote in 1914, but it was not simply men against women. The mostRead MoreExploring Why Women Failed to Gain the Right to Vote Between 1900 and 1914668 Words   |  3 PagesExploring Why Women Failed to Gain the Right to Vote Between 1900 and 1914 There were several reasons that women did not gain the right to vote between 1900 and 1914, both long-term and short-term. 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