Restraint in Lord of the Flies and Heart of Darkness :: comparison compare contrast essays

Restraint in schoolmaster of the Flies and Heart of Darkness Throughout Lord of the Flies and Heart of Darkness the richness of restraint is greatly stressed. This being the restraint to remain human and maintain sanity. In Heart of Darkness, Marlow was equal to(p) to remain his restriant despite how knotty it was for him. He was invariably surrounded by cannibals and constant chaos. On the other hand, Kurtz was unable to keep his restriant, as a result he lost his humans and sanity, and eventually died because of it. In Lord of the Flies, Ralph is able to restrain restrain, and he therefore remains human. He found it difficult though, because there was only one other person who was able to do the same- Piggy. Ralph was determined to maintain order, and he was very alone because of it. Jack on the other hand, gave in to the temptation of simply hunting and playing, and lost his humanity in the process. He became a savage - not a human being, but a savage with a pa inted body and strange godforsaken ways. In contrast, the cannibals in Heart of Darkness, (who are starving) could have easily had many satisfying meals. After all, they outnumbered the whites thirty to five, but they still had necessary restraint to hold back from savagely feasting on some of the easily accessible seamen. Towards the end of the novel, Marlow becomes becomes very close to losing his sanity, but also has the necessary restraint to maintain it. He confuses the beat of a drum (the call to mans primative side) with his own heartbeat, but is still able to restrain from slipping over the edge as Kurt did. Ralph in Lord of the Flies is constantly faced with temptation to join Jack and all of the other boys, especially when Piggy dies and he is all alone. This makes it even more difficult to restrain from giving in to Jack and his animalistic tribe. Therefore, it is evident how important restrain is in these two novels. The ability to do so may be the difference betw een life and death, and the one who can restrain himself teh most is the one who prevails in the end. In conclusion, it is evident that the authors of these two novels

Use of Logos, Ethos and Pathos by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. :: I Have A Dream Speech

Alleged by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. in his I welcome A inspiration expression on lofty 28, 1963 at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C. Dr. King state This note was a promise that all men, yes, filthy men as wellhead as white men, would be guaranteed the inalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Meaning there shall be equality between cardinal another. Dr. King grew up near pastors in a Baptist Church, so when he gave his speeches he sounded like a preacher. He was a well-educated person who graduate from Boston University and received his doctors degree degree. Plus he was a strong worker for civilized rights for members of his race. Being a strong worker and having knowledge of civil rights made him more of a confident and convincing speaker. Therefore, In Dr. Kings I Have A Dream speech, he pointed out to African Americans, that in the near future the African Americans would choose equal rights and liberty like all the other Caucas ians have. In this speech I have nominate Dr. King using logos, ethos, and poignancy to get his attention across about equality and to make his speech sound more effective. Out of the three rhetorical appeals I have pitch that Dr. King used ethos the most predominately followed by the second most effective, pathos, and how King is a convincing speaker to his audience. Dr. King denote the I Have A Dream speech in front of 200,000 African American families and to a few Caucasians who were at the scene of his speech. Dr. Kings speech was mainly turn to to the African Americans, to explain one day there go away be equality in all Caucasians and other ethnicities such as Hispanics, Native Americans and Asian Americans. Therefore at the time of his speech, his audiences were to the 200,000 people who attended the speech but he was also referring to all other ethnicities as well. To his audience for example, he said as the future years pass, the hardship they are going through w ould pay off for the future children. For example, in his speech he said, I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be jugged by the color of their skin but by their content of character.Use of Logos, Ethos and Pathos by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. I Have A Dream SpeechAlleged by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. in his I Have A Dream speech on August 28, 1963 at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C. Dr. King said This note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the inalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Meaning there shall be equality between one another. Dr. King grew up around pastors in a Baptist Church, so when he gave his speeches he sounded like a preacher. He was a well-educated person who graduated from Boston University and received his Doctorate degree. Plus he was a strong worker for civil rights for members of his race. Being a strong worker and having knowledge of civil rights made him more of a confident and convincing speaker. Therefore, In Dr. Kings I Have A Dream speech, he pointed out to African Americans, that in the near future the African Americans would have equal rights and liberty like all the other Caucasians have. In this speech I have found Dr. King using logos, ethos, and pathos to get his attention across about equality and to make his speech sound more effective. Out of the three rhetorical appeals I have found that Dr. King used ethos the most predominately followed by the second most effective, pathos, and how King is a convincing speaker to his audience. Dr. King announced the I Have A Dream speech in front of 200,000 African American families and to a few Caucasians who were at the scene of his speech. Dr. Kings speech was mainly addressed to the African Americans, to explain one day there will be equality in all Caucasians and other ethnicities such as Hispanics, Native Americans and Asian Ame ricans. Therefore at the time of his speech, his audiences were to the 200,000 people who attended the speech but he was also referring to all other ethnicities as well. To his audience for example, he said as the future years pass, the hardship they are going through would pay off for the future children. For example, in his speech he said, I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be jugged by the color of their skin but by their content of character.

Going Back to Archaic Greece :: essays research papers

Going Back to Archaic GreeceThe Amasis Painter seemed to lure me into his military personnel while reading these works compiled by these really prolific writers. Or maybe it was the writers that brought me back to experience what they felt while studying these paintings and free up their thoughts to question as they questioned others. In either case it has sparked my interest in this painter, and potter if you will. He combines a perfectionistic attitude with an imaginative flare that is subtle and refined, giving him that contrasting edge that one looks for in an artist.I would first like to start with a look at these artists status in the Athenian classic world. How did they become artists and how did they live as artists? One might suspect that you need just to turn to the old adage of the starving artist, to get a earnest idea of what it was like, but I hardly think they were starving or even poor for that matter. Of course I wouldnt suspect that they were very well off at what they were doing, but they probably didnt do to bad. In fact I look at Pedley and what he says that, vase painting is the reaping of private enterprise(Pedly p 77). This gives me speculation that the vase painters in Archaic Greece might have been sufficiently paid for their services. I get a sense of fearless ness of who he is and what hes doing with his paintings and his pots for that matter. If he does do both it would cut out another hand in the trading deal that would no doubt increase the size of his share. Also by doing this he has total control over the whole making of the vase itself, which shows in the way he presents the figures spatially and sometimes even simply in his works Something that adds to that of course is competition between artists, especially between Exekias and Amasis. These two were the closest in style, and were probably the approximately sought after painters of their time. A specific vase by Exekias has Memnon with two African attendants naming one of them Amasis. One can conjecture that there stands a good chance that he may be speaking of his colleague. Whether this is derogative towards Amasis in some way, maybe through his heritage, who knows, it shows competition either way.

Introduction to Provencal :: essays research papers

Introduction to provencalProvenal was originally used in all the south of France, as far north as Poitou, Limousin and the Dauphin. Romance language descended from Latin.XIth centuryEarliest texts (3) survive from XIth century. La Chanson de Sainte Foy (1033) is the only one of received merit. XIIth CenturyPeriod of the early minstrels. Dominant genre lyric poetry, especially the chanson (love poetry) withal important, sirventes (satire) moral and religious poetry and the partimen (debate poetry).Principal poets Guillaume IX of Aquitaine, Marcabru, Jaufr Rudel, Cercamon, Bernart de Ventadour, Bertran de Born, Arnaut Daniel and Raimbaut dAurenga. Wrote for a society where patronage was the rule. Poetry governed by strict conventions as regards rhyme and metre. Music very important. Poets were usually composers as well and set their poems to music.Society done for(p) by the Albigensian Crusade (first part of the thirteenth century). Many southern lords destroyed or impoverished an d replaced by northern invaders. Deathblow to troubadours, many of whom fled to Aragon and Italy where troubadour poetry continued to enjoy great prestige. Dante admired the troubadours very much.XIIIth centuryXIIIth century sees poetry continue with poets like Peire Cardenal and there are some go poems, which show that there was an epic tradition (Daurel et Beton), and a romance tradition (Jaufr and Flamenca).XIVth centuryPoetry becomes conventional with few outstanding poets, but real efforts to relate the traditions and language. 1323 foundation of the Consistori del Gai Saber. The Jeux Floraux at Toulouse where prizes were awarded to the best poets. Religious poetry flourished (La Vida de Sant Onorat) and there was some epic poetry (Ronsasvals). Some theatre and prose especially religious (Barlaam et Josafat), but also secular (Melusino, Chronique de Montpellier).XVth centuryA flow of decline in quality and quantity. Some theatre (les mystres rouergats and alpins), some prose (Chronique des Comtes de Foix et seigneurs du Bearn by Michel Bernis 1445). Period when Provenal writers are turning towards French for political and prestigious reasons.XVIth centuryDespite the dit de Villers-Cotterets (1539) enforcing the use of French in official documents, a period of some revival. Particularly inGascony where the efforts of the navarese Kings to maintain their independence meant some of Gascon. Pey de Garros (1565) wrote Psaumes for Jeanne dAlbret. Guillaume du Bartas (also wrote in French) and Auger Gaillard (Lou Banquet 1583 republished three times) both use Gascon. In Provence Louis Bellaud (1543-88) and Pierre capital of Minnesota poets of some merit with many followers.

Unjust Bomb :: essays research papers fc

Death is a reality. Men should be conscious of thatreality. I say men, because the willingness to draw-up the ghost fora cause is most likely inherent to our sex. We (theman) were hunters running after wily beasts, andnature most likely gave us the cruel gift to becontentedly conscious of our fate ( the jaws of theprehistoric predator before us)If the soldier can imagine his enemy to be the beast,then perhaps he can die with this intrinsic honor.Throw total war away, leave the unprepared civilianbe.The death of a civilian, floparded by the atomicbomb is beyond all wrongs. The atom bomb is amanipulated force, the product of the human mind,misdirected to defile humanity and naturesimultaneously. It gives the victims no time toprepare their life for their sudden exit, or worse, fora life tortured by atomic mutilation and shame. Maya human be granted a death of peace, or at least, one and only(a) of honor? The soldier has been forced to accept his role. Heis fighting for his nation, against another nation,which is his enemy and he, perhaps, can perceiveas evil. Perhaps he has considered his death. Thiswill give him honor in that death, an otherwise emptydestination.Let they who do not wish to be heroes or enemies,be. It is indeed morally wrong to end a war by killingcivilians, regardless of whether their lives will savethe lives of soldiers. To save our American soldiers these bombs werehurriedly created by physicists under the guidanceof Oppenheimer. Later he would nurture to it as the"scientists sin".Perhaps all of human civilization is an atom bomb.We harness nature, in order to destroy both it andourselves. Yet cipher in our civilization is as overtas the atomic bomb.Who are these moralists? These moralists whobear objective truth? There is no truth? The atombomb is natural? It is in our nature to destroyourselves? So it is inevitable that we would forgethe bomb, that our destructive nature would reachfor the golden apple.But what is it? Its a re pelling apple with worms and rotand dripping poison. We annihilated two cities filledwith human civilians,( not living in a democracy, but

Unjust Bomb :: essays research papers fc

Death is a reality. Men should be conscious of thatreality. I say men, because the willingness to crumple fora cause is most likely inherent to our sex. We (theman) were hunters running after wily beasts, andnature most likely gave us the cruel gift to becontentedly conscious of our fate ( the jaws of theprehistoric predator before us)If the soldier can imagine his enemy to be the beast,then perhaps he can die with this intrinsic honor.Throw total war away, leave the unprepared civilianbe.The death of a civilian, misfirearded by the atomicbomb is beyond all wrongs. The atom bomb is amanipulated force, the product of the human mind,misdirected to defile humanity and naturesimultaneously. It transgresss the victims no time toprepare their life for their sudden exit, or worse, fora life tortured by atomic mutilation and shame. Maya human be granted a death of peace, or at least, atomic number 53 of honor? The soldier has been forced to accept his role. Heis fighting for his nation, against another nation,which is his enemy and he, perhaps, can perceiveas evil. Perhaps he has considered his death. Thiswill give him honor in that death, an otherwise emptydestination.Let they who do not wish to be heroes or enemies,be. It is indeed morally wrong to end a war by killingcivilians, regardless of whether their lives will savethe lives of soldiers. To save our American soldiers these bombs werehurriedly created by physicists under the guidanceof Oppenheimer. Later he would reach to it as the"scientists sin".Perhaps all of human civilization is an atom bomb.We harness nature, in order to destroy both it andourselves. Yet zip fastener in our civilization is as overtas the atomic bomb.Who are these moralists? These moralists whobear objective truth? There is no truth? The atombomb is natural? It is in our nature to destroyourselves? So it is inevitable that we would forgethe bomb, that our destructive nature would reachfor the golden apple.But what is it? Its a poor apple with worms and rotand dripping poison. We annihilated two cities filledwith human civilians,( not living in a democracy, but

Education and Best Teacher

First out of town I was 7 course of instructions old when my family had a vacation in my mothers province, Zebu. It was in the middle of celestial latitude when we go there. We celebrate Christmas together with my family and relatives. It was rattling fun, because its my first- screen out honours degree time to meet my relatives there. Also there we celebrate my birthday at the same time refreshed year. I experienced a lot in Zebu, I ride a horse, cow and other animals in my Lolls farm which is one of the memorable moments in my entire life. I describe Zebu as awesome, non Just the place but also the good deal out there. B. Stories that you cant forget (3) .The explanation of sleeping beauty. Its the story of a princess who was asleep and the thing that would makes the princess awake is a man who would kiss her. 2. The story of Juan Tama. Its the story of a man who was very lazy. Instead of picking a fruit he Just wait until it f totally. 3. The story of turtle and rabbit. Its the story of a rabbit who was very confident that he was going to win in the race against the turtle and he Just sleep until he notice that the turtle is in the finish line and won. C. First teacher and first lesson My first teacher was my mother, she teach me different lessons when I was young.She taught me how to write, how to color, how to dance, how to sing, how to make a things with the use of clay and many more. But the important lesson that she taught to me is to how to deal well to others. She says that it is important that you seduce a respect to your fellow people so that they can respect you in return. D. First day of school Its been a 12 years when I started to go to school, thats why I dont even remember what happen to me that time. And I asked my mother who was there for me in my first day of school. I was studying in pre-school in Mahogany Day C atomic number 18 Center.My other says that I dont cry in my first day of school because of two reasons. First, my mother d ont leave me until the contour end and Second, my take uprides who named Karen is my classmates thats why she says that I was enjoying my days in schools. E. First Award Positive As far as I remember, I got my first apportion when I was studying in pre-school. There I got a honor which is top and the honor of high hat in Math. Im so happy when I got that set apart thats why my mother prepared some foods to celebrate my award. Negative My first award that I can say that its a negative is when I was in second year high school.Although I arrest a top my friend who supposed to be my outstriprides is going to transfer in other school. Ill. The or so persistent events in your life A. Positive/Good 1. One of the unforgettable events in my life was when I was in elementary. I receive an honor when I was in hit one, I got a best in math. It was memorable because I was in front of my fellow students holding the medal and the ribbon. 2. One of the unforgettable events in my life was when we celebrate Christmas and New year in Cavity with my Toto and TIA. I was very happy because it was my first time to celebrate Christmas and New year in other place.It become memorable because we did a lot to had fun. 3. When I was in high school I receive a lot of awards like, best in math, best in chemistry, top, top and top. Im so happy because I did it with my own hardwood. It became memorable because I was in stage in front of all the students when I receive the awards. B. Negative/Bad 1. When I was in third year high school, I was a honor student I receive a top at the end of the year, thats why I went to top section when I was in 4th year. Although in the others it is a good for me it was drear because my classmates in 3rd year is not the name classmates I have in 4th year. . When I was in first year college. Our PEE is dancing, and dancing is not my passion, thats why in every time we dance IM so very frustrated and at the same time shy. 3. When I was in grade school , I walking in the middle of the hall means and suddenly I was fall. IV. Best Teacher for me Every person have their own definitions of a best teacher. For me, a best teacher can set high expectations for all students. Also a best teacher are well prepared and organized, they are in their respective classrooms early and ready to teach.But the cost important is they can form strong relationships with their students and show that they care about them as a person. 1. Mr.. Michael Tortes bonito He was my most favorite teacher in my whole college life. Its because his characteristics as a professor suits to my own definitions of a best teacher. He was very rotate to all of his students, he is very approachable and also he is handsome 2. Mr.. Edward Albert Celeste One of the characteristic of him as a professor that I like was his mental ability. He is very familiar and ready overtime we have a discussion and at the same time e can explain it very ell. . Ms. Grace Jazzing She my teache r in speech and world literature this semester also in Modern communications back then when I was in 1st year. I like her as a professor because shes good not only in teaching but also I like it the counselling she taught us. 4. Ms. Et Rareness I include him to my best teacher because his way of teaching grab my attention. He is very strict and he wants us to learn until the class end. 5. Mrs.. Susann Gene This teacher is very good in teaching, overtime we have a class she continuously makes us laugh thats why our attention management on her more. V.Worst/Unwanted Teacher For me, the qualities of a bad/worst teacher are he/she is lack of organizational skills. Every teacher has to keep up with so many things on a daily basis that they must be organized to do their Jobs effectively. A teacher cant be a best teacher if he/she is lack of classroom management. Lastly, he/she must act as a professional in a sense that he/she is not always absent nor late. 1. Mr.. Lovers Haploid To be honest, I dont like the way he manage the class, its because every time that one of my classmates makes mistake he is always implicating the whole class. 2. Mr.. Ian VerbOne of his characteristic that I dont like is he is not approachable. 3. Mr.. Panic He is my NSP professor, I dont like him because he dont discuss any matter that covers the lesson. He is Just checking the the attendance and thats it. 4. Mr.. Ryan Macaulay Hes approachable but, the way he deal with his class is very unprofessional. 5. Estella Merman She is definitely good at explaining the lesson. But I dont like the way she discuss, she is Just explaining and she dont make a recitation for us. VI. Places I have visited Last March 8, 2014, me and my classmates in first year went to Enchanted garden inAngst Vulcan for an educational tour. Theres a lot of people who was saying that I was a beautiful places thats why IM so excited which makes me prepared my stuffs a night before the tour. We are so happy in the middle of our ride. And when we got to Enchanted Garden, Im so amaze with the beautiful views of it. I describe it as awesome, not only the places but also the people out there. They are all hospitable to the visitors. The wind is very fresh looks like you are in the province. I promise that its not only the at last time that I going to visit it.

The Dramatic Irony in Oedipus the King

The Dramatic Irony in Oedipus the King Before taking a closer look on the identity of the protagonist and murderer, and having in mind that Oedipus the King is a very spacious and difficult to analyze play, including opportunities for discussion on quite a few topics, I have elect to briefly focus on the dramatic jeering used by Sophocles to disclose the characters identity throughout the play.In general, mockery is a very b altogetherpark technique used in every drama work and it is usually used by the author at convictions when something dramatic is about to recover the existence of which is cleverly suggested through ironical behavior of the main characters and often includes symbols, comparisons and contrasts pointing to the main idea of the author. In this sense, Sophocles is really famous for his well-k nown techniques of using irony and skillfully combining it with intricate relations and symbols such as light, dark, morning and night in order to convey his idea.In additi on, a dramatic irony could be present when the audience is aware of critical information that the characters are unaware of. In this play, the readers already know the real relations between Oedipus, Jocasta and Laius. A general symbol of the irony used in the play is the exultation of both Oedipus and Jocasta over the failures of the oracles prophecies, however in both cases these prophecies come true Oedipus leaves Corinth entirely to find out after that he has actually found his real parents and Jocasta kills her son in order to find him later married to her and more viable than ever.In other words, each time a character tries to neglect and push away the predictions of the oracles, the audience already knows what? that their attempts are futile and in vain. This creates a clear sense of the irony used by Sophocles. An interest thing to note is the very manner in which Jocasta expresses her disbelief in oracles, which is quite ironic by itself. She describes the oracles as su pplyless in an attempt to comfort Oedipus, but immediately after that she prays to the very same gods whose powers she has just mocked. However, if Oedipus doesnt trust the power of oracles, he definitely values the power of truth and equality.He firmly believes in his own ability to fitk out the truth as a riddle-solver. This is direct contrast between Oedipuss trust in prophecy and trust in intelligence. Having in mind that those two are complete evident terms like science and religion, it is quite ironic that they both lead to the same conclusions and outcome. The truth revealed by Oedipus actually fulfills the oracles prophecy. Ironically it is Oedipuss rejection of the oracles that discloses their power. The best modelling of dramatic irony however, is the frequent use of references to eyes, sight, light, and recognition throughout the play.The dialogue between Oedipus and Tiresias reveals it have you eyes, / And do not see your own damnation? Eyes, / And cannot see what co mpany you keep? Those words by Tiresias prove the blind mans prophetic powers, for he already knows that Oedipus will blind himself. Moreover, he continues those now clear-seeing eyes / Shall then be darkened. Where do you think the irony here is? Sophocles actually suggests two different things. Firstly, Oedipus is blessed with the gift of perception for he was the only one able to answer the Sphinxs riddle. Yet he cannot see what is right in front his own eyes.He is blind to the truth, and the truth is all he seeks. Secondly, Tiresiass presence as a blind man amplifies the irony in Oedipuss mocking his blindness. He is a man who does not need eye sight to see the truth and Oedipus is just the opposite he who can see with his eyes is blind to the truth standing before him. Interestingly enough, however, is that Oedipus switches his role with Tiresias, thus becoming a man who sees the truth and loses his sense of sight. This outlines the drama in the play. In addition, the sight theme is further carried on to another level when the Chorus is disgusted and refuses to even see Oedipus.He has polluted his own sight and body but at the same time he has done the same with others sights by his very existence. That is why when he enters blinded the Chorus shouts I dare no to see, I am privateness / My eyes, I cannot bear / What must I long to seeUnspeakable to mortal ear, / Too terrible for eyes to see. Ironically, Oedipus has become the same complaint that he wishes to remove from Thebes and has turned himself into a sight that is more horrible than the wasted farmlands and the childless Theban women. It is dramatic that when he becomes such a monster, he is already blinded.To finish with, I have thought about the influence that this irony has on the reader and the way it touches the readers own perception of Oedipus and his actions. How do you correlate the dramatic irony to the character of Oedipus? Does it change your initial emotion toward him or it further bolsters it? It is important what you generally think of Oedipus Oedipus as incompetent of doing anything to change his destiny and as a mere puppet of fate or Oedipus as a flawed character who is guilty of his own actions and as an instigator of all tragic events. I personally think that in this story you cannot escape fate no matter what you do.In an attempt to do so, both Jocasta and Oedipus change the whole structure of their families and threatening to ruin them. They have set the course of the story into action. His tragic end is not his fault for he is powerless against fate. Works cited Cameron Alister, The Identity of Oedipus the King Five Essays on the Oedipus Tyrannus, New York University Press, 1968 Great Books of the Western World, Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, Aristophanes, Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc, 1952 http//www. ripon. edu/academics/Theatre/THE231/PlachinskiR/oedipus/dramaticirony. html

The Bra Boys

brassiere Boys From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation, search The bra Boys is an Australian gang founded and based in Maroubra, an eastern suburb of Sydney, New s bulge outhern Wales. Dating back to the 1990s, the gang has gained notoriety through violent clashes with members of the public and police. The gang achieved national and international attention in 20071 with the release of a feature-length documental entitled bra Boys Blood is Thicker than Water, written and directed by members of the gang. Contents 1 Origins ill fame and violence 2. 1 turn matters 2. 2 General familiarity activism 2. 3 nontextual matter imitating life 3 Documentary 4 References 5 Further reading 6 External links Origins The brassiere Boys are held together by surfing as well as community ties. 2 The conference is often linked with the Maroubra surfboarders Association, with which a number of its members are associated. citation needed In an interview on Triple J radio, Koby Abbe rton pointed out the Bra is a reference to the gangs suburb, Maroubra,3 and partly after the street slang for brother. 1 Some members of the gang tattoo My Brothers Keeper crosswise the front of their chest,4 Bra Boys and Maroubras postcode 2035 on their backs. citation needed With a reputation of being territorial,1 the group is know to have taken control of a Sydney reef break, known as Cape Solander, located in Kurnell, and renaming the break Ours. In July 2007, The Sydney morn Herald reported an altercation that took place between professional bodyboarder Mitch Rawlins and a group of several Bra Boys members, including Koby Abberton.Rawlins was allegedly approached by a Bra Boy member and told to fuck off. It is believed an argument broke out and then glowering physical with Rawlins being punched in the head. A spokes piece of music for the Bra Boys confirmed there had been around sort of small incident just now denied any major violence. 5 Notoriety and violence Prominent B ra Boys members include rugby league players Reni Maitua, John Sutton, as well as the Abberton brothers, Sunny, Jai, Dakota, and Koby, with the latter being the most notorious of the brothers. 6 Criminal matters A syndicate with alleged links to members of the Bra Boys were caught smuggling cocaine following interceptions of conversations dating back to 1997. It was alleged that the syndicate was granted security passes to cut back areas within Sydney Airport, by-passing Australian Customs, enabling the prohibited narcotics to be smuggled from Los Angeles by being concealed in on-board catering refuse. 7 In 2005, Jai Abberton was acquitted of the 2003 murder of stand-over man Anthony Tony Hines. 8 However, his brother Koby was handed a suspended nine-month jail sentence after being found guilty of perverting the course of justice in the same matter. 910 In November 2008, Koby Abberton was jailed for three days by a US court after being found guilty of assaulting an off-duty police officer in a fight outside a nightclub in Honolulu, Hawaii. 6 In November 2009 Jai Abberton was jailed for eight months for breaching a good behaviour bond. 11 General community activismIn late 2002, or so 160 members of the gang attending a birthday party at the Coogee-Randwick RSL Club were involved in a brawl with off-duty Waverley police officers leaving a Christmas party on the same premises. News reports numbered the combatants in the incident at around 120, with 30 police officers left injured after the event. 12 In rattling(a) 2005, the Bra Boys led a 100-person non-violent protest against plans by Randwick Council to introduce parking meters near the local beaches. 13In the lead up to the 2005 Cronulla riots in Cronulla, Koby Abberton spoke to The Daily telegraphy about the assault of a lifeguard that sparked the incident, claiming The reason why its not happening at Maroubra is because of the Bra Boys. Girls go to Cronulla, Bondi, everywhere else in Sydney and get harass ed, but they come to Maroubra and nothing happens to them. I read all this stuff about kids getting harassed because they want to have a surf and I scan are you kidding? The beach should be for Aussie kids. But if you want to go to beaches and act tough in groups you better be able to back it up.If these fellas come out to Maroubra and start something they know its going to be on, so they stay away. 14 Following the riots, in which the Bra Boys did not claim any involvement, Maroubra was the target of retaliation by Middle Eastern gangs. The Abberton brothers then held well-publicised meetings with other groups to help ease tensions. 15 I think that this is the start, the boys have agreed to come down and talk to us, to start some dialogue between the groups, you know, to try and ease some tension, said Sunny Abberton in a group interview on The 7. 30 Report. 16 Art imitating lifeThe Bra Boys were made the subject of satire by The Chasers War on Everything, episode 29, aired on 11 April 2007. 17 In the skit Julian Morrow approached gang members age wearing a pill-filled brassiere and sporting a tattoo similar to Koby Abbertons saying mybrothersalibi. A gang member responded by slipping off ane of his thongs and flinging it at Morrow. Long-running Australian television soap opera, Home and Away has produced a thinly veiled reference to the Bra Boys in the fictional storyline of the River Boys that was charge in Australia commencing 16 February 2011. 18 Inspired by the friendship and brotherhood codes instilled by the Bra Boys, the Abberton brothers created a clothing line to reflect the importance of solid bonds between friends and family entitled MyBrothersKeeper Clothing, sometimes referred to as MBK Clothing. MyBrothersKeeper is a reference to the unspoken motto of the Bra Boys and can be somewhat translated as the unconditional love, respect and nurture of those close to you regardless of race, gender and age. 4 DocumentaryA 90 minute documentary film about the surf gang, entitled Bra Boys Blood is Thicker than Water premiered in Sydney on 7 butt 2007 and was released on 15 March 2007. The film details a story of the Bra Boys from the viewpoint of the gang, particularly the Abbertons. Sunny Abberton wrote and co-directed the film with Macario De Souza. participant Russell Crowe provided narration. The films official cast included 49 well known surfers from Bra Boys members Evan Faulks and Richie Vas Vaculik to ten-time world champion, Kelly Slater,19 and surfing legends including Mark Occhilupo, Bruce Irons, and Laird Hamilton. 20 Australian reviewer Margaret Pomeranz gave the movie an overall constructive review, while her At the Movies co-host David Stratton criticised Sunnys amateurish direction and questioned how objective a documentary can be when it is directed by its subject. 21 The documentary became Australias highest-grossing non-IMAX documentary film22 and won the top hat Documentary at the 2008 Movie EXTRA Filmin k Awards. 23 The movie saw a limited release in the United States that began on 11 April 2008, in 23 select locations in Southern California, New York and Hawaii. 20 The film was distributed in Australia by Hopscotch Films and internationally by boutique distributor, Berkela Films. 24 The film was released on DVD on 16 August 2007 with extras including the documentary, The Making of Bra Boys, extended surfing footage, coverage of the films premiere, history of Australian surf culture, a fitness program presented by one of the Bra Boys, and music videos. 25 References a b c Marks, Kathy (19 March 2007). Sydneys notorious surf gang turns tide of violence into big-screen adulation. The Independent (United Kingdom).Retrieved 16 November 2008. Carroll, Nick (9 March 2007). Bra Boys World Film Premier in Sydney, Australia Movie review. Surfing Magazine. Retrieved 6 February 2011. Warhurst, Myf Whalley, Jason McDougall, Lindsay (7 May 2007). Myf, Jay and the Doctor Interview with Koby Abberton (radio). Triple J (Australia). a b Minion, Lynne (8 August 2009). Brothers in Arms. Canberra Times. Retrieved 6 February 2011. Gilmore, Heath (15 July 2007). Bra Boys say its Ours and well fight for it. The Sydney morning Herald. a b Hellard, Peta (21 November 2008). Guilty Bra Boy Koby Abberton in Honolulu jail for three days. The Daily Telegraph (Australia). McKenzie, Nick (24 September 2009). Cocaine gang had security clearance. The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 6 February 2011. Wallace, Natasha (6 May 2005). Surf gang member cleared of standover mans murder. The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 6 February 2011. Bra Boys The often maligned surf brotherhoods new movie. Surfer Magazine. 22 July 2010. Jones, Caroline (7 November 2005). Sons of beaches (transcript). Australian Story (Australia). Retrieved 6 February 2011. Jail for Bra Boy Jai Abberton, puss Doll Melody Jail for Bra Boy Jai Abberton, Pussycat Doll Melody Thornton dines with Sonny and Koby Abberton . The Daily Telegraph (Australia). 12 November 2009. Retrieved 1 December 2011. Kennedy, Les (24 December 2002). Night the thin blue line ran into the Maroubra stomp. The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 6 February 2011. Cuming, Angela Munro, Catharine (7 August 2005). Rage over 7000 meters for beaches. The Sun-Herald (Australia). Retrieved 6 February 2011. McIlveen, Luke (9 December 2005). A beast surfaces. The Daily Telegraph (Australia). Silkstone, Dan (14 December 2005). When two tribes go to war a culture clash. The Age (Australia). Retrieved 6 February 2011. Emergency powers to crack down on riots (transcript). The 7. 30 Report (Australia). 13 December 2005. Retrieved 6 February 2011. The Chaser vs. The Bra Boys Hilarious Gags (video). The Chaser. Australia. 11 April 2007. Retrieved 6 February 2011. Casamento, Jo (6 February 2011). Bra Boys amused by Home and Away homage. The Sun-Herald (Australia). Retrieved 6 February 2011. Howard, Jake. Kelly Slater wins his 10th wo rld title. ESPN action at law Sports (United States). Retrieved 6 November 2010. a b Bra Boys. Internet Movie Database. Amazon. com. 2007. Retrieved 2 February 2011. Pomeranz, Margaret Stratton, David (14 March 2007). Bra Boys. At the Movies (Australia). Retrieved 6 February 2011. Bra Boys breaks box office tape. ABC News (Australia). 27 March 2007. Bra Boys Best Documentary at Movie EXTRA Awards. Transworld Skateboarding (United States). 17 March 2008. Retrieved 6 February 2011. Bra Boys Blood is Thicker than Water. Berkela Films. Retrieved 6 February 2011. Idato, Michael (27 August 2007). Bra Boys DVD review. The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 6 February 2011.

God’s Business Man Essay

A successful Christian duty man may sound worry an oxymoron, but that was R. G LeTourneau. He built big, powerful machinery that could do things that no other machine could do before, but he also believes that a Christian business man owes as much to God as a preacher does (LeTourneau, 1967). Mr. LeTourneau states, God needs businessmen as partners as well as preachers (1967). Imagine a man becoming a very successful Christian business man, the consecrate of LeTourneau University, and a leader of many missionary works.The speak essay will discuss the man, his faith, and my personal reflection of R. G. LeTourneau. R. G. LeTourneau-The Man- Robert Gilmour LeTourneau (November 30, 1888 June 1, 1969) was born in Richford, Vermont. R. G. Letourneau had little interest in a formal education, and left school at the young age of fourteen. While working in Portland, Organ at the East Portland Iron Works, as a machinist, he studied mechanics from an foreign Correspondence School, but nev er finished.Although he did not throw a formal education he did become famously know for mankindmoving machinery, which he was given hundreds of patents for his inventions. The bulldozer, bridge spans, scrapers of all sorts, rollers, dump wagons, the electric wheel, logging equipment, portable cranes, and many others are examples of his revolutionary inventions. R. G. LeTourneau al right smarts had a positive attitude, and did not quit when he faced problems. He prayed about the issues, reviewed them, and continued to work hard until he resolved the problems.R. G. LeTourneau once said The only difference between fanny and cant is a little extra effort (1967). R. G. LeTourneau- His Faith-Mr. LeTourneau was also known to be a Christian business man that was very generous. He was the founder of a private Christian university, LeTourneau University, in Longview, Texas as well as a philanthropist to many Christian causes. His lifes verse was Matthew 633 Seek ye first the kingdom of Go d and his righteousness and all these things shall be added unto you. (1967). He was the fourth child with five brothers and three sisters, and he was depict as a restless, impulsive, energetic, determined, ambitious, and a hard worker. He clashed most with his father as a young boy. Later in life LeTourneua married Evelyn Peterson, and helped stand up four boys and one daughter. When R. G. LeTourneau turned 30 he dedicated his life to God and did so for the next fifty years. He was respected by his employees and business partners as a Christian business man.He worked personally alongside his employees, at the controls of his machines, and closely with business partners at corporate meetings. Mr. LeTourneau practiced his faith and communicated it with his employees and others by publishing a paper called NOW, and it reached others worldwide spreading his Christian message. R. G. LeTourneau- My Personal Reflection-Mr. LeTourneau said When I visualize a 150-ton crane, I want to see it bristle 10 ton the next morning (1967). I have the same personality traits as Mr. LeTourneau, which is being determined and ambitious.I understand his motivation and visual sense for inventing new machines. I am personally doing this in my current position at work. I help others by showing them a new way to do things, and assist them with the design and commissioning of the ideas we envision. Another quote from LeTourneau states If you waste dollars for me, its not too serious- I can make that up. But siret waste my metre it cant be recalled (1967). I understand this quote, because I have learned that my time is very important and time management is imperative for me to be successful in my life, both professionally and personally.I have learned that R. G. LeTourneau was an amazing person, and one of his most impressionable accomplishments was that he founded LeTourneau University. I am filled with joy that I have chosen to earn my business degree from LETU, because I will no t only earn my business degree, but will also develop my relationship with God. In conclusion, R. G. LeTourneau Gods Businessman was truly an amazing person. He was a long inventor of earthmoving equipment as well as a generous Christian philanthropist.He founded a private Christian university named LeTourneau University, and conference grounds that carry his name. He believed that God came first and everything else will follow. Mr. LeTourneau was a hardworking man, who preferred to spend his time at the drawing board or spending time on the factory floor with his workers, than live the high-life with other successful businessmen. R. G. LeTourneau suffered a stroke in March 1969, which he never recovered from, and died on June 1, 1969. LeTourneau is known for his earth moving equipment, but will be remembered as Gods Businessman.

The World’s Most Understood Crop: Industrial Hemp and Its Economic Benefits

Ms. Bonner English 290 16 celestial latitude 2011 The Worlds Most Understood Crop Industrial marijuana and its Economic Benefits When virtually nation hear the word marijuana the get-go amour that comes to mind is marijuana. While halter and marijuana atomic number 18 of the same determine species, cannabis Sativa, they are antithetical plants with their own chemical scramup. hangmans rope has been known as one of the dry lands greatest agricultural give births of all time with a wide grade of uses. Unfortunately the linked States soothe sees haltere as drug and the manufacturing of haltere is still illegal today.The United States is outlawing one of the most economically beneficial and utilitarian crops of all time because of its cousin marijuana. halter was the institutions greatest agricultural crop for much than 1000 years before Christ until 1883 AD (Herer). The manufacturing and nicety of hemp has been used for thousands of products and many various industries including producing a majority of the worlds fabric, fiber, oil, paper, and even food. The earliest known fabric was do of hemp around 8000 BC (Herer).Ninety percent of all ships sails from at least the fifth ascorbic acid BC until long after the invention of the steam engines in the mid- to late-19th century were made from hemp (Herer). Many of the ships logs, maps, and charts were made on hemp paper from the time of Columbus to the primordial 1900s (Herer). In the first century AD, the Chinese be that hemp paper lasted 50 to 100 times thirster than most prepa dimensionns of papyrus and that it was 100 times easier and cheaper to make (Herer).Eighty percent of all humankinds textiles and fabrics for clothes, tents, linens, rugs, drapes, quilts, bed sheets, towels and diapers were made principally from cannabis fibers in much of the world until the 20th century (Herer). Presidents Washington and Jefferson both grew hemp and Americans were even legally bound to fath er during the compound Era and Early Republic (Hemp Facts). With all these uses for hemp, from approximately the beginning of the known world, why would hemp be illegal today? cannabis and industrial hemp come from the same species of plant, Cannabis Sativa.The species can yield two different plants, marijuana and industrial hemp. Comparing marijuana and industrial hemp is like canvass field corn and sweet corn. While they are both from the same species, the chemical makeup and final product is very different. Cannabis produces two major cannabinoids-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol) and CBD (cannabidiol) (West, Hemp and Marijuana). THC is the one responsible for the psychoactive effect that you get from smoking marijuana. CBD, on the other hand, has been found to forget the effect of THC in the nervous system (West, Hemp and Marijuana).Marijuana usually contains 3 to 15 percent THC, while industrial hemp being enceinte normally contains less(prenominal) than 1 percent THC (Industrial Hemp in the United States). Many people believe that if industrial hemp was dispense withed to be grown that many people would still try and poop it, but if one was to smoke industrial hemp, which is high in CBD and low in THC, it would actually counter act the THC and block the effect of a marijuana high. This shows that not altogether is hemp not marijuana but could perhaps even be called anti-marijuana. Even with this scientific culture and the United States continues to outlaw the manufacturing of hemp. Other countries have accepted the diversion between marijuana and industrial hemp. Current hemp varieties being grown in Canada and atomic number 63 are certified to have THC levels at a lower place 0. 3 percent (West, Hemp and Marijuana). The certification system was originally authentic in Europe to allow for the commercialization of industrial hemp and takes into consideration the ratio of CBD to THC as well as the absolute percent THC (West , Hemp and Marijuana).The original THC threshold was 0. 8 percent. When varieties with lower levels of THC were developed by French breeders, the breeders were able to persuade the European Union to reduce the tolerance further (West, Hemp and Marijuana). In the United States, Cannabis with any measurable trace of THC is illegal, CBD concentration is not considered at all. The United States is outlawing this potentially economic beneficial crop with no just cause and they are all overlooking all of its uses and benefits. The United States laws have not always treated marijuana and hemp the same.The 1937 Marijuana tax Act outlawed marijuana. The 1937 hemp Tax Act defined marijuana as (A)ll give outs of the plant Cannabis sativa L. , whether growing or not the sow ins thereof the resin extracted from any such plant and every compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of such plant, its seeds, or resin but shall not include the suppurate stalks of such plan t, fiber produced from such stalks, oil or cake made from the seeds of such plant, any other compound, manufacture salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of such mount stalks (except the resin xtracted there from), fiber, oil, or cake, or the sterilised seed of such plant which is incapable of germination. The Act outlawed marijuana and punished people who grew it, without infringing on the rights of hemp growers. The act did not make hemp illegal but simply just put a tax on hemp. Dr. Andrew Wright, an agronomist with the University of Wisconsins Agriculture taste Station and steward of the Wisconsin hemp industry during the first half of the twentieth century, wrote in 1918, There are three fairly distinct types of hemp that grown for fiber, that for birdseed and oil, and that for drugs. (West, Hemp and Marijuana). This shows that even in the early 1900s, we knew and understood there being a difference between hemp and marijuana. However, in 1970, the Comprehensive dose Abu se Prevention and Control Act repealed the Marihuana Tax Act and instead changed its interpretation The term marihuana means all parts of the plant Cannabis sativa (L. ), whether growing or not, the seeds thereof, the resin extracted from any part of such plant and every compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of such plant, its seeds or resin . . The key difference in this provision was that the 1937 Act used a system of taxation that allowed the government to punish the marijuana growers without punishing hemp growers. The 1970 Act abolished the taxation advent and effectively made all Cannabis cultivation illegal (West, Hemp and Marijuana). This act lumped marijuana and hemp into the same category. wherefore did the United States change their definition of the word and make hemp illegal? Why the United States changed its mind and decided to make hemp illegal is not really clear.There are not any definite answers. It could be that they realized that th ey couldnt tax it anymore, the war on drugs, or that people that were growing hemp were abusing their rights and also growing marijuana. It is up for anyone to speculate on. The only thing that is clear by hemp being illegal is that the United States is ignoring the economic benefits and uses of one of the most functional crops of all times. Hemp has been used for a wide variety of products for to the highest degree 3000 years.Overall, hemp is the strongest, most durable, and longest lasting natural soft fiber on the planet, which makes its fabric longer lasting, tougher, cheaper, cooler, and more absorbent than cotton (Herer). Hemp seed can be pressed into a healthy oil, which contains the highest amount of essential fatty acids of all plants. The byproduct of the pressed hemp seeds can be parched into cakes, breads, and casseroles and contains high quality protein (Hemp Facts). Another use for hemp is that it can be made into fuel.Hemp is the Earths number one biomass resource, capable of producing 10 scads of biomass per acre in only four months (Hemp Facts). This biomass can be converted into methane, methanol, or gasoline at a cost very similar to the cost fossil oil (Hemp Facts). It can also produce 10 times more methanol than corn (Hemp Facts). Since hemp is a natural plant, the use of hemp as a fuel makes it better for the environment. It does not add to global warming. Not only is hemp as a fuel better for the environment, but using hemp fiber for paper is also better for the environment.One acre of hemp produces as much fiber as 4. 1 acres of trees (Herer). While trees cut down to make paper usually take about 50 years to grow, hemp is ready to be harvested in about 120 days (Hemp Facts). Since hemp takes less time to be ready to be harvested and it can produce more fiber per acre, hemp could possibly be the answer to the deforestation problem. Only octonary out of about one hundred known pests cause problem to the plant so hemp is normally grow n without herbicides, fungicides, or pesticides (Hemp Facts).Hemp is also a natural weed suppressor due to the fast growth of the canopy causing a resolution of the sun that does not allow for the weeds to grow (Hemp Facts). All of these things make hemp a cheaper, more environmentally friendly crop. Hemp has been one of the most widely used crops, all around the world, for more than 3000 years. With hemps thousands of uses, it could possibly save our country in this time of deficit. However, the United States still refuses to recognize it has being a potential economically beneficial crop because of a plant of the same species.Works Citied Hemp Facts. HempUSA. org. HempUSA. org, 1 June 2009. Web. 27 Nov. 2011. Web Herer, Jack. The Forgotten History of Hemp. Earth Island daybook 5. 4 (1990) 35. EBSCOhost. Web. 12 Nov. 2011. Web Industrial Hemp in the United States Status and Market Potential. Rep. no. AGES-ERSAGES001. Ers. usda. gov, Jan. 2000. Web. 25 Nov. 2011. Web West, David P. Hemp and Marijuana Myths and Realities. Prescott, Wisconsin brotherhood American Industrial Hemp Council, 27 Feb. 1998. PDF.The Worlds Most Understood Crop Industrial Hemp and Its Economic BenefitsMs. Bonner English 290 16 December 2011 The Worlds Most Understood Crop Industrial Hemp and its Economic Benefits When most people hear the word hemp the first thing that comes to mind is marijuana. While hemp and marijuana are of the same plant species, Cannabis Sativa, they are different plants with their own chemical makeup. Hemp has been known as one of the worlds greatest agricultural crops of all time with a wide variety of uses. Unfortunately the United States still sees hemp as drug and the manufacturing of hemp is still illegal today.The United States is outlawing one of the most economically beneficial and functional crops of all times because of its cousin marijuana. Hemp was the worlds greatest agricultural crop for more than 1000 years before Christ until 1883 AD (Herer). The manufacturing and cultivation of hemp has been used for thousands of products and many different industries including producing a majority of the worlds fabric, fiber, oil, paper, and even food. The earliest known fabric was made of hemp around 8000 BC (Herer).Ninety percent of all ships sails from at least the fifth century BC until long after the invention of the steam engines in the mid- to late-19th century were made from hemp (Herer). Many of the ships logs, maps, and charts were made on hemp paper from the time of Columbus to the early 1900s (Herer). In the first century AD, the Chinese found that hemp paper lasted 50 to 100 times longer than most preparations of papyrus and that it was 100 times easier and cheaper to make (Herer).Eighty percent of all humankinds textiles and fabrics for clothes, tents, linens, rugs, drapes, quilts, bed sheets, towels and diapers were made principally from cannabis fibers in much of the world until the 20th century (Herer). Presidents Was hington and Jefferson both grew hemp and Americans were even legally bound to grow during the Colonial Era and Early Republic (Hemp Facts). With all these uses for hemp, from almost the beginning of the known world, why would hemp be illegal today? Marijuana and industrial hemp come from the same species of plant, Cannabis Sativa.The species can yield two different plants, marijuana and industrial hemp. Comparing marijuana and industrial hemp is like comparing field corn and sweet corn. While they are both from the same species, the chemical makeup and final product is very different. Cannabis produces two major cannabinoids-THC (delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol) and CBD (cannabidiol) (West, Hemp and Marijuana). THC is the one responsible for the psychoactive effect that you get from smoking marijuana. CBD, on the other hand, has been found to block the effect of THC in the nervous system (West, Hemp and Marijuana).Marijuana usually contains 3 to 15 percent THC, while industrial hemp be ing grown normally contains less than 1 percent THC (Industrial Hemp in the United States). Many people believe that if industrial hemp was allowed to be grown that many people would still try and smoke it, but if one was to smoke industrial hemp, which is high in CBD and low in THC, it would actually counter act the THC and block the effect of a marijuana high. This shows that not only is hemp not marijuana but could possibly even be called anti-marijuana. Even with this scientific information and the United States continues to outlaw the manufacturing of hemp. Other countries have recognized the difference between marijuana and industrial hemp. Current hemp varieties being grown in Canada and Europe are certified to have THC levels below 0. 3 percent (West, Hemp and Marijuana). The certification system was originally developed in Europe to allow for the commercialization of industrial hemp and takes into consideration the ratio of CBD to THC as well as the absolute percent THC (We st, Hemp and Marijuana).The original THC threshold was 0. 8 percent. When varieties with lower levels of THC were developed by French breeders, the breeders were able to persuade the European Union to reduce the tolerance further (West, Hemp and Marijuana). In the United States, Cannabis with any measurable trace of THC is illegal, CBD concentration is not considered at all. The United States is outlawing this potentially economic beneficial crop with no just cause and they are completely overlooking all of its uses and benefits. The United States laws have not always treated marijuana and hemp the same.The 1937 Marijuana Tax Act outlawed marijuana. The 1937 Marihuana Tax Act defined marijuana as (A)ll parts of the plant Cannabis sativa L. , whether growing or not the seeds thereof the resin extracted from any such plant and every compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of such plant, its seeds, or resin but shall not include the mature stalks of such plant, fiber produced from such stalks, oil or cake made from the seeds of such plant, any other compound, manufacture salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of such mature stalks (except the resin xtracted there from), fiber, oil, or cake, or the sterilized seed of such plant which is incapable of germination. The Act outlawed marijuana and punished people who grew it, without infringing on the rights of hemp growers. The act did not make hemp illegal but simply just put a tax on hemp. Dr. Andrew Wright, an agronomist with the University of Wisconsins Agriculture Experiment Station and steward of the Wisconsin hemp industry during the first half of the twentieth century, wrote in 1918, There are three fairly distinct types of hemp that grown for fiber, that for birdseed and oil, and that for drugs. (West, Hemp and Marijuana). This shows that even in the early 1900s, we knew and understood there being a difference between hemp and marijuana. However, in 1970, the Comprehensive Drug Ab use Prevention and Control Act repealed the Marihuana Tax Act and instead changed its definition The term marihuana means all parts of the plant Cannabis sativa (L. ), whether growing or not, the seeds thereof, the resin extracted from any part of such plant and every compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of such plant, its seeds or resin . . The key difference in this provision was that the 1937 Act used a system of taxation that allowed the government to punish the marijuana growers without punishing hemp growers. The 1970 Act abolished the taxation approach and effectively made all Cannabis cultivation illegal (West, Hemp and Marijuana). This act lumped marijuana and hemp into the same category. Why did the United States change their definition of the word and make hemp illegal? Why the United States changed its mind and decided to make hemp illegal is not really clear.There are not any definite answers. It could be that they realized that they couldnt tax it anymore, the war on drugs, or that people that were growing hemp were abusing their rights and also growing marijuana. It is up for anyone to speculate on. The only thing that is clear by hemp being illegal is that the United States is ignoring the economic benefits and uses of one of the most functional crops of all times. Hemp has been used for a wide variety of products for almost 3000 years.Overall, hemp is the strongest, most durable, and longest lasting natural soft fiber on the planet, which makes its fabric longer lasting, tougher, cheaper, cooler, and more absorbent than cotton (Herer). Hemp seed can be pressed into a healthy oil, which contains the highest amount of essential fatty acids of all plants. The byproduct of the pressed hemp seeds can be baked into cakes, breads, and casseroles and contains high quality protein (Hemp Facts). Another use for hemp is that it can be made into fuel.Hemp is the Earths number one biomass resource, capable of producing 10 tons of biomass per acre in only four months (Hemp Facts). This biomass can be converted into methane, methanol, or gasoline at a cost very similar to the cost petroleum (Hemp Facts). It can also produce 10 times more methanol than corn (Hemp Facts). Since hemp is a natural plant, the use of hemp as a fuel makes it better for the environment. It does not add to global warming. Not only is hemp as a fuel better for the environment, but using hemp fiber for paper is also better for the environment.One acre of hemp produces as much fiber as 4. 1 acres of trees (Herer). While trees cut down to make paper usually take about 50 years to grow, hemp is ready to be harvested in about 120 days (Hemp Facts). Since hemp takes less time to be ready to be harvested and it can produce more fiber per acre, hemp could possibly be the answer to the deforestation problem. Only eight out of about one hundred known pests cause problem to the plant so hemp is normally grown without herbicides, fungicides, or pesticides (Hemp Facts).Hemp is also a natural weed suppressor due to the fast growth of the canopy causing a blockage of the sun that does not allow for the weeds to grow (Hemp Facts). All of these things make hemp a cheaper, more environmentally friendly crop. Hemp has been one of the most widely used crops, all around the world, for more than 3000 years. With hemps thousands of uses, it could possibly save our country in this time of deficit. However, the United States still refuses to recognize it has being a potential economically beneficial crop because of a plant of the same species.Works Citied Hemp Facts. HempUSA. org. HempUSA. org, 1 June 2009. Web. 27 Nov. 2011. Web Herer, Jack. The Forgotten History of Hemp. Earth Island Journal 5. 4 (1990) 35. EBSCOhost. Web. 12 Nov. 2011. Web Industrial Hemp in the United States Status and Market Potential. Rep. no. AGES-ERSAGES001. Ers. usda. gov, Jan. 2000. Web. 25 Nov. 2011. Web West, David P. Hemp and Marijuana Myths and Realitie s. Prescott, Wisconsin North American Industrial Hemp Council, 27 Feb. 1998. PDF.

Alcohol and Illicit Drug Abuse in Pregnancy

Alcohol and Illicit Drug Ab engagement in Pregnancy Amy Luman COM/220 February 10, 2010 Philip Fasso When a woman becomes fraught(p), it is vital to her babys wellness that she leads a healthy life. This includes eating plenty of nourishing food, fulfilling an adequate amount of rest, and exercising level(p)ly. For a enceinte woman, gestation meaning ab enjoyment is twice as dangerous. First, drugs whitethorn harm her own health, which interferes with her ability to support the pregnancy. Second, some drugs can directly impair prenatal development. During pregnancy, virtu in ally all illegal drugs pose a danger.Even legal amounts, such as alcoholic beverage, tobacco, and prescription drugs are dangerous to expecting women. As many a(prenominal) as matchless in 10 babies whitethorn be innate(p) to women who use illegal and prescription drugs during their pregnancies. opus some prescription drugs may be necessary during pregnancy, alcohol utilization and illicit drug abuse i s frightfully dangerous during pregnancy, and on that pointfore pregnant women should honor their value their babies and never misuse them. Healthy Lifestyle Pregnancy should be taken seriously and one should implement a healthy lifestyle to keep them and their unborn child safe.A pregnant womans lifestyle habits as well as her partners can gravely affect the health of their unborn baby. If the couple has already taken these precautions into action, it is encouraged and should be continued throughout the entire pregnancy. It is never too late for a pregnant woman to start debaseking about making behavior changes, which in turn are good for her unborn child. Staying active during pregnancy is one stride closer to bearing a healthy child. Being active during pregnancy can put on only positive effects on the expecting pay off, with her feeling better and developing more than energy.Physical activity can also athletic supporter maintain muscle tone and strength for labor and bi rth. A great deal of benefits can come to a woman and her unborn by piano exercising on a selected number of days a week. There are many types of physical activity and exercise, ranging from bats stretching to aerobic exercise. If an expecting mother is already involved in daily physical activities, there is no need for her to stop. If non, it is a good time for her to start doing something on a regular basis. Daily activities like walking up stairs, cleaning the house, and gardening are also good ways to keep active (Childbirth Connection, 2010).Making exercise an inherent part of the day will in the end, only make a happy ending for both mother and her unborn. Being a healthy trunk weight is important before pregnancy. So eating a well balanced diet throughout pregnancy is very important to the health of oneself and child. well-nigh all pregnant women need to increase their intake ofprotein, certain vitamins and minerals such asfolic acidandiron, and calories (for energy). Wo men whoeatwell andavoid known attemptstend to have fewer complications during pregnancy and labor and are more likely to deliver larger, healthier babies.Eating a well-balanced diet, high in nutrients, is one of the nigh important things a woman can do to ensure the futurehealthof both her and her baby (Isenberg, 2000-2009). Fetuses born to mothers who have tumid diets may be premature or have other problems at birth. In addition, recent research indicates that what a mother eats during the early months of pregnancy may congeal her unborn childs predisposition to certain diseases, such as diabetesand cancer. Eating a balanced diet during pregnancy can help to cling to the health of both mother and baby.During pregnancy, a woman needs more of some nutrients, such as iron, calcium, and folic acid. For this reason, it is wise to start taking a multivitamin before pregnancy. Vitamins should be an essential part of every mothers diet and daily routine when expecting. Prescribed mult ivitamins by ones health care provider are very important to give the proper nutrients and prenatal care that an unborn child or fetus needs. It is proven that multivitamins, taken before one conceives, have a positive effect on the fetuss chances of having birth defects.Although many drugs can potentially harm a pregnant womans fetus, some drugs are necessary for the wellbeing of both the woman and her fetus. Before making the decision to take any drug, whether it is prescription, over-the-counter, or a medicinal herb, a woman should always discuss both the hazards and advantages of the drug with her doctor to ensure the safety of both her and the fetus. A practitioner may suggest that a woman take certain vitamins and minerals during pregnancy (Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation, 2009). AlcoholAny type of alcoholic beverage can have many hazardous effects on the developing fetus. Consuming alcohol during pregnancy can cause a wide-range of physical and mental birth defects. When a pr egnant woman drinks, alcohol passes through the placenta to her fetus. In the fetuss immature body, alcohol is broken down much more s deplorablely than in an adults body. As a go out, the alcohol level of the babys blood can be higher and remain elevated longer than the level in the mothers blood. This sometimes causes the baby to ache lifelong damage. Recent government surveys indicate that about 1 in 12 pregnant women drink during pregnancy and about 1 in 30 pregnant women report binge drinking (March of Dimes Foundation, 2010, p. 3). FAS or otherwise known as feta alcohol syndrome is a dangerous condition that occurs when a fetus has been subject to excessive amounts of alcohol prenatally. whiz of the nearly common defects is facial abnormalities, although other defects may have greater consequences on the individuals health. These defects occur as a result of exposure to alcoholwhile in the womb.An estimated one in 500 to one in 2,000 babies are born with FAS (Ladue, 2001 ). The common facial abnormalities of FAS include short-change eye-slit fissures a long, smooth upper lip groove and a thin upper lip. The following picture represents a small child with these facial abnormalities. pic opposite common physical problems include heart malformations and defects a hollow at the lower part of the chest permanent curving of one or more fingers fusion of bones at the elbow scoliosis kidney malformations and cleft lip and palate (abnormal openings in the lips or roof of the mouth).FAS affects childrens height, weight, and head circumference. Many children with FAS are short and thin prior to puberty. As girls enter puberty, they remain short, but frequently gain weight and appear plump. Boys seem to remain fairly short and slender. So far, there has been no cure identified for FAS, but several treatment models are available. For the reason that CNS damage, symptoms, secondary disabilities, and requirements differ extensively there is no one treatment that works for everyone (Wikipedia, 2009).Although many women are aware that heavy drinking during pregnancy can cause birth defects, many do not unclutter that moderate or yet light drinking also may harm the fetus. In fact, no level of alcohol use during pregnancy is safe. Therefore, pregnant women should by no means drink any alcohol, including beer, wine, wine coolers and liquor, throughout their pregnancy and while nursing. Also because women often do not know they are pregnant for a few months, women who may be pregnant or those who are attempting to become pregnant should not drink alcohol.Illicit Drug expenditure It should be obvious that Illicit and other prescription drugs are extremely harmful to the developing fetus, but disappointingly substance abusecontinues to be a problem worldwide and drugabuse in pregnancyis no longer uncommon. Nearly four percent of pregnant women in the United States use illicit drugs such as marijuana, cocaine, ecstasy, and other amphetamines, a nd heroin and virtually 90% of women who abuse drugs are of childbearing age and consequently substance abuse in pregnancy is increasing (Ludlow, Christmas, Paech, & Orr, 2007).These and other illicit drugs may cause various risks for pregnant women and their babies. Some of these drugs can cause a baby to be born too small ortoo soon, or to have withdrawal method symptoms,birth defects,or learning and behavioral problems. Tolerance and addiction to drugs and alcohol in pregnancy creates many potential problems for the mother, her fetus, and the obstetricians, anesthetists, pain specialists, drug, and alcohol specialists and neonatologists involved in her care. Pregnant women who use these drugs may also engage in other unhealthy behaviors that place their pregnancy at risks.Women who use heroin during pregnancy greatly increase their risks of serious pregnancy complications. These risks include poor fetal growth, premature disunite of the membranes (the bag of waters that holds t he fetus breaks too soon), premature birth and stillbirth. As many as half of all babies of heroin users are born with low birth weight, use of heroin in pregnancy may increase the risk of a variety of birth defects. Most babies of heroin users show withdrawal symptoms during the first three days after birth, including fever, sneezing, trembling, irritability, diarrhea, vomiting, continual crying, and seizures.While heroin is usually sniffed, snorted or smoked, most users inject the drug into a muscle or vein. Pregnant women who share needles are at risk of contracting HIV and the hepatitis C virus. Such infections are capable of being passed on to the infant during pregnancy or at birth. Between 20 and 40 million Americans have used cocaine and five to six million are regular users. One million women of child-bearing age use cocaine (Blatt, Meguid, & Church, 2000). Cocaine use during pregnancy can affect a pregnant woman and her baby in many ways.During the early months of pregnanc y, cocaine may increase the risk ofmiscarriage. Later in pregnancy, it may triggerpreterm labor or cause the baby to grow poorly. As a result, cocaine-exposed babies are more likely than unexposed babies to be born prematurely and with low birth weight. Premature and low-birth weight babies are at increased risk of health problems during the newborn period, lasting disabilities such as mental retardation andcerebral palsy, and even death. Cocaine-exposed babies also tend to have smaller heads, which generally glint smaller brains and an increased risk of learning problems.Cocaine use during pregnancy can cause placental problems, including placental abruption. In this condition, the placenta pulls away from the wall of the uterus before labor begins. This will lead to heavy bleeding that can be life threatening for both mother and baby. The baby may be deprived of oxygen and adequate blood flow when an abruption occurs. Prompt cesarean delivery, however can prevent most deaths but may not prevent serious complications for the baby caused by lack of oxygen (March of Dimes Foundation, 2010).After birth, babies regularly exposed to cocaine before birth may have mild behavioral disturbances. As newborns, some are jittery and irritable, and they may startle and cry at the gentlest touch or sound. These babies may be difficult to puff of air and may be withdrawn or unresponsive. Other cocaine-exposed babies turn off surrounding stimuli by going into a deep sleep for most of the day. Cocaine-exposed babies may be more likely than unexposed babies to die of SIDS. Avoidance Virtually all illegal drugs, such as heroin and cocaine, pose dangers to a pregnant woman. effectual substances, such as alcohol and tobacco, are also dangerous, and even medical drugs, both prescription and over-the-counter, can be harmful. For her own health and the health of her baby-to-be, a woman should avoid drugs and alcohol as much as possible from the time she first plans to become pregna nt or learns that she is pregnant. Alcohol is one of the most dangerous drugs for pregnant women, especially in the early weeks. In the mothers body, alcohol breaks down chemically to a cell damaging complex that is absorbed by the fetus.Heavy drinking during early pregnancy greatly increases the risk of a cluster of birth defects known as fetal alcohol syndrome. This cluster includes a small skull, abnormal facial features, and heart defects, often accompanied by impeded growth and mental retardation. Heavy drinking in later pregnancy may also impede growth (American Council for Drug Education, 1999). It is not known whether light to moderate drinking can produce these effects. However, even if the risk is low, the stakes are very high.Medical experts agree that a woman should avoid alcohol entirely when she decides to become pregnant, or at least when the first signs of pregnancy appear. Even such mild beverages as beer and wine coolers should be off limits. The Law Currently the re is only one state, southward Carolina that holds prenatal substance abuse as a criminal act of child abuse and neglect. Other states have laws that merely address prenatal substance abuse. Some of these states consider prenatal substance abuse as part of their child welfare laws.Therefore, prenatal drug exposure can provide infrastructure for terminating parental rights because of child abuse. Of these states include Colorado, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Maryland, Minnesota, Nevada, Ohio, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, Virginia, and Wisconsin. A number of states have policies that implement admission to an inpatient treatment program for pregnant women who use drugs. These states consist of Minnesota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. In 2004, Texas made it a felony to smoke marijuana while pregnant, resulting in a prison sentence of 2-20 years (American Pregnancy Association, 2000-2010).Unfortunately, it is not uncommon for a pregnant woman to become addicted to prescription medications and other illegal drugs. A mother who uses drugs during pregnancy risks her life and her babys life. Studies have shown that consumption of illegal drugs during pregnancy can result in miscarriage, low birth-weight, premature labor, placental abruption, fetal death, or even maternal death. While some prescription drugs may be necessary during pregnancy, alcohol consumption and illicit drug abuse is frightfully dangerous during pregnancy, therefore pregnant women should value their babies and never misuse them.

1960’s course work the Beatles

Source A can circulate us galore(postnominal) an(prenominal) things ab off the shock of the Beatles in the 1960s they were considered current fresh and an extremely cool band. They were a nation wide love, e very unmatchable seemed to be watching then as their first priority, with shops and st wholes all closed when the Beatles were on television. Even in rush hour, when umteen passel were normally get a lineing to make their way home or get to their destinations, the streets were deserted, every whizz knew where and what m the Beatles were playing. It was as though the nation was put on to pause when the Beatles were about to perform. Joanna Lumley herself remembers being in a hurry to get home in evidence to not miss the Beatles playing on TV.The fans watched eagerly as though the Beatles were a drug more pot were addicted to. The Beatles seemed to concur caught every ones police wagon and eyes they had a new approach to melody which seemed to be able to attract almo st everyone.Many people proverb the Beatles as icons they were cool, hip, smart, lippy, c injureing and funny. certain(prenominal) icon qualities attractive to the young and the general public felt they could relate to them, often being called by their first names.The Beatles new approach to harmony , stock-still , was not unless loved by the public scarce was also highly influential in the entertainment and music industry providing inspiration to many bands and changing the face of music forever.For just about people the 60s was seen to be the best dates of the lifes due to the new entertainment and what the Beatles brought in the way of fresh new music -it was very heaven to be alive.Question 2The effects of pop music in the 1960s are shown in source A, B and C, notwithstanding all in slightly different ways.Source C is a description of a Beatles concert by Paul Macartney in 1984, he talks of on that point being a lot of screaming- therefore implying more screaming than in 1984, when people must accommodate been more held back and more dumb than the 60s when at concerts seeing the live bands fans went crazy for seeing their star. This point was victualsed by source B, a description of a concert at which the stones were playing. withal the audience is described a maniacal, screaming mob. They both talk of an extremely load and energetic crowd. moreover Paul Macartney believed many people exaggerated the crowds so they seemed like a manic mob when all they very wanted was to see their idols and the possibility of getting an autograph. It seems Macartney trustworthyly knows what he is talking about and comes across as being nice and genuine to his fans talking of him chatting to his fans instead of running away from them in the manner of Jonny Ray.The way the Beatles were with their fans, being so friendly and free to talk to them, may have got been one of the reasons why the Beatles became so big. Source A really supports this fact, and tel ls us a lot of how big and popular they really were describing it as though they were everyones purpose to get home when they were performing on television.Source A does support source C on this point tho I dont entail it supports it in any separate way. Source B on the other hand doesnt really support source C as they are extremely contradictory about what is said about the effects of pop music on fans being harmful or just very enthusiastic.Macartney knew that the fan crowds were completely harmless and go overlable. Where as more or less stars such as the stones saw them as being dangerous, when all they really wanted was to be as close as possible to their pop star.The sources were all written most time after the 1960s period, leaving time for exaggeration, source B is written immediate to the 1960s than sources A and C, and to me seems to be less belike to be exaggerated and more truthful about the facts and information that is given to us in the source.Although the sou rces do support each other on certain aspects, they dont really give us a broad view of the effects of pop music in the 1960s grave us very little a place from how big close to bands were and how the fans reacting to them.Question 3Sources D and E are not particularly efficacious in helping you to understand why many young people believed that the 1960s gave them opportunities they had neer had onwards. I think that the source were not particularly useful as they tell us only one aspect of young peoples lives at the time.However source D, and advert fro a popular music show Ready, Steady, GO in the TV times in 1965 does tell us some useful points. The presenter, Cathy McGowan, was at the time an extremely popular model and an idol for many girls in Britain. They would assume her hair styles and dress gumption. So fro many people it was the one show to see if u had an idol as they were likely to be shown on this show. It was the only show at the time which showed the public the ir music stars performing without them having to go to a concert. People were fanatical about seeing the show, it was compulsory viewing and the one and only time in the week the public got to construe and see popular music. Although very popular the show tended to represent older tastes in music and did not cater fro teenagers.The source is good in showing that music and popular culture had a great furbish up upon how people viewed television and how celebrities became real stars, and were able to become idolised by the young.Source E, a description of radio in the 1960s, was written in the 1990s and there fore like some of the other source has the possibility of being exaggerated. However the source does tell us some useful point whether exaggerated or not. tuner before the 1960s did not cater to the teenage audience and the source implies that many teenagers had nothing much to listen to that was provided on the radio for them, before the invention of Radio Luxembourgsaying tha t many teenagers were stuck with their parents.The new channel provided precisely what the young wanted, and because of that, would have been extremely popular providing a channel that played popular new music which no other radio station had done before.It was a great opportunity in the eyes of the young and the channel which was specifically directed towards them played nothing but pop music and was very commercial, the older generation were not so fond of it. But it helped music to become a much more sovereign talking point for the young.Even thought reception was dismal and faded out every minute or so it was the only way to hear pop music on the radio at the time and many people now remember it fondly.The two sources both support the fact that music and celebrities were more broadcast and that for them was a huge opportunity, however neither of them tells us anything of other aspects of opportunity in teenagers lives and are therefore not very useful in helping us to understan d why many young people believed they had more opportunities.Question 4The 1960s was a period of great changes, some for the better and others consider by some people for the worst. Some people did not like the changes that occurred and came to see the 1960d as a period of awful influences on British society.Source F is part of an phrase from the Daily Mail, a conservative newspaper, reflecting right-wing political views. This shows how Mrs Whitehouse had traditional views and values and it is portrayed in the article that she was not pleased by the changes in the 1960s.The source talks about Mrs White house launching a national campaign to help writers who she believed deserved to have their work shown on television rather than the television shows she obviously disapproved of such as Coronation Street which started on ITV in the 1960s and showed everyday life. She obviously believed many programmes unfit to viewers and thought that they should be replaced with more Christian vi ewed programmes, replacing the scenes of sex, drugs and violence with more traditional valued programmes.Mrs Whitehouse would have also been a different generation, a teenager in the 1920s with less power than that of the teens of the 1960s.the 1920s were different for social Values, with a far more traditional type of society were teenagers had less freedom of looking and more responsibilities.In source G we are told of a singer, Janis Joplin who was extremely popular and at a time where music played an important part in social life popular singers were idolised.Many bands at the time were taking drugs, drinking, and staying out late in popular clubs and at the time there was a huge drug culture. Many other bands and musicians such as the top Mod band, The Who, wrote and performed what appeared to be socially dangerous music. They were also part of the Psychedelia movement, supporting(a) experimentation with drugs.It was these people , Janis Joplin and The Who , which the young idolised and had great influence over, to people like Mrs Whitehouse they were bed role models and set the scene of drugs to seem cool and acceptable.Although Janis Joplin was a worse case scenario, she died of a drug over dose this at least showed teenagers the problems of drugs.Teenagers appeared to be checking in their idols footsteps and it somewhat seemed as tough they were being advance to be rebellious and have freedom of expression rather than have responsibility and obligation.Many saw the entree of the contraceptive pill and the legalisation of abortions as an increase in sexual immorality and were seen with disaprovement.The combined effect of the pill and abortion however did allow women to plan their lives with more ease and effectiveness. They could then ascertain the number of children and decide when they wanted them. This provided many women with more control over their lives.However Mrs Mary Whitehouse would have and I am sure did believe that they would fost er immorality and sex before marriage which were both against the Christian beliefs. Some also believed that it could lead to a break down of social values.Some people began to believe that these changes were not a good thing for society, and that the changes were undermining the family and as a result creating a weaker society, it would have been people such as Mrs Whitehouse who would have seen things in this way, people who believed in more traditional views and values.Whether this is correct I do not know, however even though somethings such as drugs were more than likely a crappy influence on society, without many of the changes the world would have become a very different place and women would possibly lead very different lives.Things such as the pill and abortion were definitely in my opinion great movement in science and a huge improvement fro women, however I can see why people with Christian views were opposed to it and how they later become to se the 60s as a period of bad influences with a higher rate of teenage pregnancies it is possible to blame it on the changes and a possible increase in sexual immorality.I think that many people who thought it was a period of bad influence were possibly mostly the older generation Mrs Whitehouses generation who felt afraid of the dramatic change in society and the behaviour of the young in the 1960 in comparison to their day. They would have also been the right age to have children of teenage to twenties who would have been experiencing all the changes the society now allowed them. Such as drugs and even dramatic changed in fashion with the introduction of the mini skirt, a huge thing at that time to be wearing a skirt 8 inches above the knee and it was so new and different. For many people change is scary and this was a period of huge change some good some bad however it is always easy to look back and see only the bad and not what was good from the 60s also.Question 5The quote Popular culture in the 1960s did more harm than good I believe to be untrue. The 1960s did have some bad points which were possibly bad at that in that period and have not continued through to this day whereas most of the good things that were brought about in the 1960s such a new fresh exciting music careen n roll and new bands such as the Beatles, the new fashions and social ways of life have been continued and adapted to the way of life which we lead nowadays.The 1960s was highly dominated by teenagers, they had more money from a new affluence and were able to bribe more music records and clothing and were respected by the entertainment industry (source H) for what they did for music and television.Source A tells us of Beatle Mania the Beatles were one of the most popular bands and were highly influential upon teenagers and the music industry. Source A is useful in telling us the extent of the effect of the Beatles upon the general public and how popular they really were. However the source is possibly e xaggerated as the writer Joanna Lumley looks back on her past.I believe the public chose the Beatles to be their number one band because of their innocent personality on and off stage, but was equally as much to do with their musical style and material, and with the British youth with far more control over what was popular and what wasnt, they decided the Beatles were the best, taking the rest of the country with them.The Beatles pioneered the British cultural invasion of the states and the world and allowed many other bands and creative people to follow in their footsteps and show the world what they could do.The fact the Beatles music is still known and liked today shows they were an extraordinary band, and the way they saw their fans and audiences differently too many other bands would have help in their success. In source B a concert is described and The Stones were playing, the writer of the source doubts if the stones ever played so close to their audience again. and describe s The Stones being surrounded by a heaving maniacal mob. This was not how Paul Macartney described his audiences, yes they were usually hysterical but never harmful. He describes them as screaming a lot but not appearing to be scary or in any way threatening.I believe that the Beatles and the many other bands of the sixties made the way for the way our music is now, so many bands are influenced from bands from the sixties and many bands today which try to invent their own individual style like the Beatles had. The Beatles seemed to sum up the sixties with the music they wrote, their clothes, hair, accents, and their off hand attitudes they were a recipe fro success.However their impact upon teenagers was unbelievable, they became not just performers, they were heroes. I think this type of idolising someone was harmful however, what with the drug culture in the 1960s many bands including the Beatles were taking drugs.Source G, a extend form a biography of Janis Joplin, a rebellious teenager with a powerful blues voice became highly successful and lived a life of sex, dugs, and rock n roll always taking things to excess she died of a drug over dose in 1970.It was people like these who were obviously highly covered in the media through their popularity and the drug habits and the way that all of them were doing it made it seem socially acceptable. These people were the youngs idols they looked up to them and copied what they did, the example they set was not the right one and that it was probably one of the reasons some people came to see the sixties popular culture as doing harm, and I probably agree with that. However I do think that the popularity of drugs died out as the years went past and although people still take them today by no means are they considered at all socially acceptable. goggle box and radio were also greatly changed due to the new market of teenagers wanting to hear pop music. New radio stations were set up, such as the start of Radio Luxemb ourg (source E) after producers realised that teenagers were the way of the future. And the teens didnt even mind if the reception was lousy and faded out every minute or so it was the only radio station that gave them the chance to hear the music they wanted to listen to, and there was nothing like that before. Then in 1964 Radio Caroline began broadcasting, this was pirate radio but was extremely popular with teenagers who could hear non stop pop music for the first time. However was extremely unpopular with the BBC and the government who tested to have them banned.The new shows introduced on to TV such as, Ready, Steady, Go (source D) and Top of the Pops showing the pop music stars performing in front of their very eyes without having to go to a concert.Ready Steady Go was compulsory viewing and had a wonderfully catchy cry, the weekend starts here, giving the feeling of excitement and freedom. The presenter at the time was a popular model and with fashion being very influential upon the young it was yet another reason to watch the show. To most people the music industry was just as case of the young having fun but some people saw the young losing their sense of responsibility and obligation.Others saw other programmes as being morally un-suitable such as the new programmes showing life as it really was and more scenes of sex, alcohol, and drugs. People such as Mrs Mary Whitehouse believed this (source F). She believed that the traditional family values were being lost through the wrong and influential shows on television and that they should be replaced with more Christian shows which had a sense of purpose.However the 60s didnt sacrifice things such as education as there were nearly twice as many people in full time education in 1969 than in 1961.Showing that the young were just having a good social life and were being better educated as a generation.I think overall the 60s did more good than harm, the period brought in many new and exciting things and ga ve women more control over their life with the introduction of the pill and legalisation of abortion.Fashion was new and exciting and always changing with the invention of the mini skirt which was controversial to say the least.I do think that young people were encouraged to act irresponsibly and it somewhat seemed almost expected of them. However I dont think it has done any real harm to society in the long run.However I think without all the changes that took place society would have been a worse place of less freedom and more constriction, I dont think the changes that took place have done any real harm and that the changes would have probably taken place in some other period if they had not happen it the 60s.

City of Kelsey Budgeting

Tiera Bristol November 19, 2012 Policing in Kelsey Budget Report Professor Charles McClelland Abstract Working as the budget director for the mayor of the urban center of Kelsey, we have recently been getting numerous complaints from the citizens about an increase in crime and also an skip of the public demanding for more police officers. With the population of the city growing daily, the increase of crime is continuing to establish as well.The mayor has informed us that this past year is the highest increase in crime in the citys history, that the national government has reduced the federal pass-through money for the state and that the budgeting group needs to revamp the budget for the feeler year. Within this document as the Budget officer, we leave alone take a close fancy at the bewilder budget to determine the changes that need to be made in order to come up with a solution that is politically feasible.In doing so we will examine numerous things in depth which includes impressioning at how the changes affect the fiscal cycle of your budgeting, how the preparation, execution, and evaluation of the budgeting cycle would change, our budgeting come near based on the changes and the reasons, differences of the chosen budgeting approach from those not used, a plan to address the crime issue, and ultimately a summary of the court-benefit psycho summary of your plan. Main According to Apollo Group (2007), Kelsey is nestled in the hills of the Northwest Valley.With a population of 625,000 Kelsey offers the amenities of the big city, but still retains its small town charm (para. 1). In admittance to the limited budget, there has been a recent budgetary reform at the federal level, which has put specific storm on local police agencies to use the federal money before it expires. The state Chiefs of law of nature Association is lobbying the state for a 15% public safety tax for a temporary 3-year catamenia in order to make up the deficit. The state legislature and local governments atomic number 18 wary of adding every additional new taxes on citizens.In addition, the states Sierra Club organization is putting pressure on state and local government to hire less police officers, build more prisons, and bring the states infrastructure. There atomic number 18 different types of budgeting that byplayes typically use and those include Operating budgets, dandy Budgets and there ar many subtypes that exist because a budget can also be created for special events, the recruitment and retention of new staff, and to manage the advertising expenses and return on investments for a business ( command Media, 1999-2012).According to Demand Media (1999-2012), An operating budget outlines the total operating expenses and income for the organization, typically for the period of a fiscal year. Capital budgets prize the investments and assets of the business, and a cash budget shows the predicted cash flow in and out of the business over a period of time (para. 2 ). According to the Cost-Benefit Analysis (2012), Capital budgeting has at its core the tool of cost-benefit analysis it merely extends the basic form into a multi-period analysis, with consideration of the time value of money.In this context, a new product, venture, or investment is evaluated on a start-to-finish basis, with care taken to capture all the impacts on the company, both cost and benefits. When these inputs and outputs are quantified by year, they can then be discounted to present value to determine the net present value of the opportunity at the time of the decision (Cost-Benefit Analysis, 2012).In taking steps to resolve these issues in the city of Kelsey and coming up with a solution that is politically feasible we will use the cost-benefit analysis which is the move of determining costs and benefits for programs, decisions, and projects and making a true yet equal determination for an end result. This execute in my opinion is almost like a prediction for what the end result will look like In governmental planning and budgeting, the attempt to measure the social benefits of a proposed project in monetary terms and compare them with its costs (Cost-Benefit Analysis, 2012).When it comes to looking at different Business decisions that would use the cost-benefit analysis, the cerebrate could be, but not limited to whether or not to add employees, introduce a new technology, get equipment, change vendors, implement new procedures, and remodel or relocate facilities (Cost-Benefit Analysis, 2012). According to the Cost-Benefit Analysis (2012), Cost-benefit analysis is the illustration of evaluating an carry outs consequences by weighing the pluses, or benefits, against the minuses, or costs.It is the fundamental assessment behind virtually every business decision, due to the simple fact that business managers do not want to spend money unless the resulting benefits are expected to exceed the costs. As companies increasin gly seek to cut costs and improve productivity, cost-benefit analysis has set out a valuable tool for evaluating a wide range of business opportunities, such as major purchases, organizational changes, and expansions (Cost-Benefit Analysis, 2012).In coming up with a plan that demonstrates how the preparation, execution and evaluation of the budgeting cycle would change would look like this, according to the Cost-Benefit Analysis (2012), A formal cost-benefit analysis is a multi-step process which includes a prelude survey, a feasibility study, and a final report. At the conclusion of each step, the party responsible for perform the analysis can decide whether continuing on to the next step is warranted.The preliminary survey is an sign evaluation that involves gathering information on both the opportunity and the existing situation. The feasibility study involves completing the information gathering as needed and evaluating the data to gauge the short- and long-term impact of the opportunity. Finally, the formal cost-benefit analysis report should provide decision makers with all the pertinent information they need to take appropriate action on the opportunity.It should include an executive summary and introduction information about the scope, purpose, and methodology of the study recommendations, on with factual justification and factors concerning implementation (Cost-Benefit Analysis, 2012). When it comes to coming up with ideas to address the issue of crime there are no set strategy that can be deemed perfect. Instead it is a good idea to proactive, quick and daily trying to come up with new ideas to address this issue.Crime is on the rise and everyday criminals are getting smarter and coming up with new tactics and slipway for committing crimes, therefore it is critical for law enforcement, as a unit to put just as much time and effort, if not more, in coming up with new/advanced approaches, tactics, plans and policies to deter crime. Through res earch I found that Governor Snyders plan to fight crime in the State of Michigan to very interesting. After examining the Governors plan we feel that it would also be a good idea to look at about of the same things within the city of Kelsey around coming up with a plan to address the sure crime issues.According to Michigan Radio Newsroom (2012), Secure Cities Partnership (provide local assistance and coordinate teams of local, state and federal law enforcement officers to direct patrols and provide investigative resources), Fire and first responders (forming an advisory council that will recommend ways to provide better emergency services statewide with a long-term, sustainable cost model), Prosecutorial alimentation (investment for prosecutorial support in distressed cities), Mental health courts (They can require individuals to comply with treatment, which may keep them from committing crimes), drug courts (Drug treatment courts address the revolving-door cycle in which drug and alcohol offenders move in and out of the nicety system a high-risk, high-need drug court initiative that expands drug court programming), Human trafficking (protects victims and goes after the individuals who profits from this crime), New paths for young people (help teens from urban areas realize that promising opportunities exist), Removing abandoned buildings (Abandoned buildings often are havens for misbranded activity. orbid individuals with unpaid taxes or who own blighted properties from buying any more property at auction), hooky (placing more social workers within public schools) (para. 3). Conclusion Throughout this document we have analyzed ways to come up with a solution that is politically feasible in making corrections to the budget. utilise the cost-benefit analysis tool is essential and highly beneficial in determining what will stay and what organizations will be dismissed. We have looked at the Governor of Michigan plan and approach to address the crime iss ues and of those mentioned and described, would be necessary to analysis within the city of Kelsey. Reference Apollo Group. (2007). The City of Kelsey. Retrieved from